{"jurisdiction":"us-federal","generated":"2026-09-30T22:14:01-07:00","count":509,"entities":[{"id":"us-federal","name":"United States Federal Government","acronym":"U.S.","type":"jurisdiction","parent_id":null,"summary":"The national government of the United States, created by the U.S. Constitution and divided into three separate branches.","description":"The Constitution, ratified in 1788 and in effect since 1789, establishes a federal system: power is shared between the national government and the states. At the national level it separates powers among three branches — legislative (Congress, Article I), executive (the President, Article II) and judicial (the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, Article III) — and gives each branch ways to check the others.","established":{"year":1789,"authority":"U.S. Constitution (ratified 1788; government began operating March 4, 1789)"},"website":"https://www.usa.gov/","topics":["constitution","separation of powers","checks and balances","federal government"],"sources":[{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"},{"label":"USA.gov: Branches of the U.S. government","url":"https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"head_title":null,"oversight":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_(obverse).svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q171663","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.legislative","name":"Legislative Branch","type":"branch","parent_id":"us-federal","summary":"Congress — the Senate and the House of Representatives — makes federal law.","description":"Article I of the Constitution vests all federal legislative powers in Congress, made up of the Senate (two senators per state) and the House of Representatives (seats apportioned by population). Congress passes laws, controls federal spending (\"the power of the purse\"), confirms many presidential appointments (Senate), approves treaties (Senate), can declare war, and oversees the executive branch through its committees. Support agencies include the Government Accountability Office, the Library of Congress and the Congressional Budget Office.","established":{"year":1789,"authority":"U.S. Constitution, Article I"},"head_title":null,"website":"https://www.congress.gov/","topics":["congress","laws","legislation","senate","house"],"sources":[{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"},{"label":"USA.gov: Branches of the U.S. government","url":"https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"oversight":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.executive","name":"Executive Branch","type":"branch","parent_id":"us-federal","summary":"The President, Vice President, the Cabinet, the executive departments and the independent agencies carry out and enforce federal law.","description":"Article II vests executive power in the President, who is also Commander in Chief of the armed forces. The executive branch includes the Executive Office of the President, the 15 executive departments whose heads form most of the Cabinet, and many independent agencies, boards and commissions. Department heads are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.","established":{"year":1789,"authority":"U.S. Constitution, Article II"},"head_title":"President of the United States","website":"https://www.whitehouse.gov/","topics":["president","cabinet","executive branch","agencies"],"sources":[{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"},{"label":"USA.gov: Branches of the U.S. government","url":"https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"oversight":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.judicial","name":"Judicial Branch","type":"branch","parent_id":"us-federal","summary":"The Supreme Court and lower federal courts interpret laws and decide cases and controversies.","description":"Article III vests the judicial power in one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as Congress establishes. Federal judges are nominated by the President, confirmed by the Senate, and serve during \"good behavior.\" Courts decide cases under federal law and the Constitution and can review whether laws and executive actions are constitutional.","established":{"year":1789,"authority":"U.S. Constitution, Article III; Judiciary Act of 1789"},"head_title":"Chief Justice of the United States","website":"https://www.uscourts.gov/","topics":["courts","supreme court","judges","judicial review"],"coverage":"Planned for Milestone 2 (Supreme Court, courts of appeals, district courts, and judicial agencies).","sources":[{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"},{"label":"USA.gov: Branches of the U.S. government","url":"https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"oversight":null,"note":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate","name":"U.S. Senate","acronym":null,"type":"chamber","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative","summary":"The U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives make up the two chambers of Congress. The Senate has 100 members, two from each state, who are elected to serve for a term of six years.","head_title":"Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate)","website":"https://www.senate.gov/","topics":["senators","confirmations","treaties"],"coverage":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Senate","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-senate"},{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"description":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"note":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-legislative-senate.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Senate.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg","license":"CC BY-SA 2.5","author":"Louis Dreka designed the actual seal, first used in 1885 per here.  Vectorized from a version in stained glass.\n\nOrigina","wikidata":"Q66096","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.house","name":"U.S. House of Representatives","acronym":null,"type":"chamber","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative","summary":"The U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate make up the two chambers of Congress. The House has 435 members, the number representing each state is determined by population.","head_title":"Speaker of the House","website":"http://www.house.gov/","topics":["representatives","congressmen","speaker"],"coverage":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. House of Representatives","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-house-of-representatives"},{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"description":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"note":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-legislative-house.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States House of Representatives.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Ipankonin","wikidata":"Q11701","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.judicial.scotus","name":"Supreme Court of the United States","acronym":null,"type":"court","parent_id":"us-federal.judicial","summary":"The U.S. Supreme Court is the final appellate court of the U.S. judicial system. It has the power to review and overturn the decisions of lower courts. The Supreme Court also has original jurisdiction (being the first and final court to hear a case) in certain cases involving public officials, ambassadors, or disputes between states.","head_title":"Chief Justice of the United States","website":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/","topics":["supreme court","justices"],"coverage":"Detailed coverage planned for Milestone 2.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Supreme Court of the United States","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/supreme-court-of-the-united-states"},{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"description":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"note":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-judicial-scotus.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Supreme Court.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin","wikidata":"Q11201","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.executive.whitehouse","name":"The President & White House","acronym":null,"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.executive","summary":"The White House houses the executive office of the President, and serves as the President's residence.","head_title":"President of the United States","website":"http://www.whitehouse.gov/","topics":["president","white house"],"coverage":"Detailed coverage planned for Milestone 2.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: White House","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/white-house"},{"label":"U.S. Constitution (Constitution Annotated, congress.gov)","url":"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"description":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"note":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-executive-whitehouse.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the President of the United States.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Unknown authorUnknown author","wikidata":"Q11696","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.executive.eop","name":"Executive Office of the President","acronym":"EOP","type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.executive","summary":"The offices and councils that directly support the President, such as the White House Office, the Office of Management and Budget and the National Security Council.","description":"Under authority of the Reorganization Act of 1939 (5 U.S.C. 133-133r, 133t note), various agencies were transferred to the Executive Office of the President by the President's Reorganization Plans I and II of 1939 (5 U.S.C. app.), effective July 1, 1939. Executive Order 8248 of September 8, 1939, established the divisions of the Executive Office and defined their functions. Subsequently, Presidents have used Executive orders, reorganization plans, and legislative initiatives to reorganize the Executive Office to make its composition compatible with the goals of their administrations.","head_title":"White House Chief of Staff (manages the EOP on behalf of the President)","established":{"year":1939,"authority":"Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1939, under the Reorganization Act of 1939"},"website":"https://www.whitehouse.gov/","topics":["white house","OMB","national security council","president staff"],"coverage":"Component offices planned for Milestone 2.","sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Executive Office of the President","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/executive-office-of-the-president"},{"label":"The White House (whitehouse.gov)","url":"https://www.whitehouse.gov/"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"oversight":null,"note":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-executive-eop.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Executive Office of the President of the United States 2014.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States_2014.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Executive Office of the President","wikidata":"Q1355327","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.executive.departments","name":"Executive Departments","type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.executive","summary":"The 15 Cabinet-level departments that run most federal programs. Their heads (14 secretaries and the Attorney General) form the core of the President's Cabinet.","description":"The executive departments are listed in law at 5 U.S.C. § 101. Each is created by an act of Congress, headed by an officer nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate, funded through annual appropriations, and overseen by congressional committees. Departments are made up of component agencies, bureaus and offices. The order below follows the order in which the departments were created, which also sets the presidential line of succession among their heads.","topics":["cabinet","departments","secretaries"],"sources":[{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"USA.gov: Branches of the U.S. government","url":"https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"website":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.executive.independent","name":"Independent Agencies & Government Corporations","type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.executive","summary":"Agencies outside the 15 departments, such as NASA, the EPA, the Social Security Administration and the Federal Reserve.","description":"Independent agencies are created by Congress outside the executive departments. Some are run by a single administrator who reports to the President; others are commissions or boards whose members serve fixed, staggered terms to insulate them from political pressure.","topics":["independent agencies","regulatory commissions"],"coverage":"Planned for Milestone 2.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov: Branches of the U.S. government","url":"https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"website":null,"note":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.state","name":"Department of State","acronym":"DOS","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of State (DOS) advises the President and leads the nation in foreign policy issues. The State Department negotiates treaties and agreements with foreign entities and represents the United States at the United Nations.","description":"The Department of State advises the President in the formulation and execution of foreign policy and promotes the long-range security and well-being of the United States. The Department determines and analyzes the facts relating to American overseas interests, makes recommendations on policy and future action, and takes the necessary steps to carry out established policy. In so doing, the Department engages in continuous consultations with the American public, the Congress, other U.S. departments and agencies, and foreign governments; negotiates treaties and agreements with foreign nations; speaks for the United States in the United Nations and other international organizations in which the United States participates; and represents the United States at international conferences.\n\nThe Department of State was established by act of July 27, 1789, as the Department of Foreign Affairs and was renamed Department of State by Act of September 15, 1789 (22 U.S.C. 2651 note).","head_title":"Secretary of State","established":{"year":1789,"authority":"Act of July 27, 1789 (as the Department of Foreign Affairs; renamed Department of State on September 15, 1789)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Foreign Affairs","Senate Committee on Foreign Relations"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.state.gov/","topics":["foreign policy","diplomacy","embassies","treaties","passports","visas","foreign assistance"],"note":"In 2025 the Department carried out a major reorganization and absorbed functions previously performed by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Bureau-level structure shown here is partial.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of State","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-state"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: State Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/state-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"},{"label":"Department of State FY 2027 Congressional Budget Justification (state.gov)","url":"https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/FY2027-Department-of-State-Congressional-Budget-Justification-Final-4.20.2026.pdf"}],"order":0,"cabinet_rank":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-state.webp","kind":"seal","file":"U.S. Department of State official seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of State","wikidata":"Q789915","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.state.ca","name":"Bureau of Consular Affairs","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The Bureau of Consular Affairs provides passport services to U.S. citizens, issues Visas to enter the U.S., manages the Diversity Visa Lottery, and provides services to U.S. citizens abroad.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"http://travel.state.gov/","topics":["passports","visas","americans abroad","travel advisories"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Consular Affairs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-consular-affairs"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.state.ds","name":"Bureau of Diplomatic Security","acronym":"DS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The Bureau of Diplomatic Security is the State Department's security and law enforcement arm, protecting U.S. diplomats, embassies and information.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"https://www.state.gov/about-us-bureau-of-diplomatic-security/","topics":["embassy security","diplomatic security service"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Department of State FY 2027 Congressional Budget Justification (state.gov)","url":"https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/FY2027-Department-of-State-Congressional-Budget-Justification-Final-4.20.2026.pdf"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.state.usun","name":"U.S. Mission to the United Nations","acronym":"USUN","aliases":[],"type":"mission","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The U.S. Mission to the United Nations (USUN) carries out the nation's participation in the world body.","description":null,"head_title":"U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"https://usun.usmission.gov/","topics":["united nations","UN"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Mission to the United Nations","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-mission-to-the-united-nations"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-state-usun.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of United States Mission to the United Nations.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_United_States_Mission_to_the_United_Nations.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original:  U.S. Government  Vectorization:  Kaim Amin","wikidata":"Q7890766","property":"commons-filename"}},{"id":"us-federal.state.p","name":"Under Secretary for Political Affairs","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The Department of State Undersecretary for Political Affairs manages overall regional and bilateral policy issues, and oversees the bureaus for Africa, East Asia and the Pacific, Europe and Eurasia, the Near East, South and Central Asia, the Western Hemisphere, and International Organizations.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"http://www.state.gov/p/","topics":["regional bureaus","foreign policy"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Under Secretary for Political Affairs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/under-secretary-for-political-affairs"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.state.t","name":"Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The Office of the Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security serves as senior adviser to the president and the secretary of state for arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-arms-control-and-international-security-affairs/","topics":["arms control","nonproliferation","security assistance"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Arms Control and International Security","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/arms-control-and-international-security"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.state.e","name":"Under Secretary for Economic Affairs (Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment)","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment leads the State Department’s efforts to develop and implement international policies related to economic growth, energy, agriculture, the ocean, the environment, and science and technology.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/","topics":["economic diplomacy","energy","trade"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.state.r","name":"Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.state","summary":"The Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs enhances national security by expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and Government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of State"},"website":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/","topics":["public diplomacy","exchanges","fulbright"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.treasury","name":"Department of the Treasury","acronym":"TREAS","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of the Treasury manages federal finances by collecting taxes and paying bills and by managing currency, government accounts and public debt. The Department of the Treasury also enforces finance and tax laws.","description":"The U.S. Department of the Treasury was established by act of 1789.\n\nThe Treasury Department is responsible for promoting economic prosperity and ensuring the soundness and security of the U.S. and international financial systems.\n\nThe Department operates and maintains systems that are critical to the nation's financial infrastructure, such as the production of coin and currency, the disbursement of payments to the American public, the collection of taxes, and the borrowing of funds necessary to run the federal government.\n\nThe Department works with other federal agencies, foreign governments, and international financial institutions to encourage global economic growth, raise standards of living, and, to the extent possible, predict and prevent economic and financial crises.\n\nThe Treasury Department also performs a critical and far-reaching role in enhancing national security by improving the safeguards of our financial systems, implementing economic sanctions against foreign threats to the U.S., and identifying and targeting the financial support networks of national security threats.","head_title":"Secretary of the Treasury","established":{"year":1789,"authority":"Act of September 2, 1789"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Ways and Means","House Committee on Financial Services","Senate Committee on Finance","Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://home.treasury.gov/","topics":["taxes","money","currency","coins","federal debt","sanctions","banking","financial system"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of the Treasury","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-the-treasury"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Treasury Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/treasury-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":1,"cabinet_rank":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government.  The original 1780s seal is believed to have been designed by Francis Hopkinson.","wikidata":"Q648666","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.irs","name":"Internal Revenue Service","acronym":"IRS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) administers and enforces U.S. federal tax laws.","description":"The Office of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue was established by act of July 1, 1862 (26 U.S.C. 7802). The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is responsible for administering and enforcing the internal revenue laws and related statutes, except those relating to alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives. Its mission is to collect the proper amount of tax revenue, at the least cost to the public, by efficiently applying the tax law with integrity and fairness.","head_title":"Commissioner of Internal Revenue","established":{"year":1862,"authority":"The Office of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue was established by act of July 1, 1862 (26 U.S.C. 7802).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://www.irs.gov","topics":["taxes","tax returns","refunds","income tax","tax law"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Internal Revenue Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/internal-revenue-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Internal Revenue Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/internal-revenue-service"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-irs.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Internal Revenue Service.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Internal_Revenue_Service.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q973587","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.mint","name":"United States Mint","acronym":"USM","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The U.S. Mint makes the coins used as money in the United States. They also produce special edition coins you can buy for coin collections.","description":"The establishment of a mint was authorized by act of April 2, 1792 (1 Stat. 246). The Bureau of the Mint was established by act of February 12, 1873 (17 Stat. 424), and recodified on September 13, 1982 (31 U.S.C. 304, 5131). The name was changed to United States Mint by Secretarial order dated January 9, 1984. The primary mission of the Mint is to produce an adequate volume of circulating coinage for the Nation to conduct its trade and commerce. The Mint also produces and sells numismatic coins, American Eagle gold and silver bullion coins, and national medals. In addition, the Fort Knox Bullion Depository is the primary storage facility for the Nation's gold bullion. The U.S. Mint maintains sales centers at the Philadelphia and Denver Mints and at Union Station in Washington, DC. Public tours are conducted, with free admission, at the Philadelphia and Denver Mints.","head_title":"Director of the United States Mint","established":{"year":1792,"authority":"Coinage Act of April 2, 1792"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://www.usmint.gov","topics":["coins","coinage","gold","bullion"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Mint","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-mint"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: United States Mint","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/united-states-mint"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-mint.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Mint.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Mint.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q1141049","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.bep","name":"Bureau of Engraving and Printing","acronym":"BEP","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) produces United States currency notes and serves to ensure that adequate amounts of currency and coin are in circulation.","description":"The Bureau of Engraving and Printing operates on basic authorities conferred by act of July 11, 1862 (31 U.S.C. 303), and additional authorities contained in past appropriations made to the Bureau that are still in force. Operations are financed by a revolving fund established in 1950 in accordance with Public Law 81-656. The Bureau is headed by a Director who is selected by the Secretary of the Treasury.\n\nThe Bureau designs, prints, and finishes all of the Nation's paper currency and many other security documents, including White House invitations and military identification cards. It also is responsible for advising and assisting Federal agencies in the design and production of other Government documents that, because of their innate value or for other reasons, require security or counterfeit-deterrence characteristics.","head_title":"Director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing","established":{"year":1862,"authority":"Began in 1862 when the Treasury started producing paper currency; formally named the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in 1874"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://www.moneyfactory.gov/","topics":["paper money","currency","banknotes","printing"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Engraving and Printing","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-engraving-and-printing"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Engraving and Printing Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/engraving-and-printing-bureau"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-bep.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Bureau of Engraving and Printing.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q1010519","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.fiscal","name":"Bureau of the Fiscal Service","acronym":"BFS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Bureau of the Fiscal Service manages all federal payments and collections, and provides government-wide accounting and reporting services. You can contact them to buy bonds or to check on the maturity of bonds you own.","description":"The Office of Fiscal Service helps formulate policy and develop systems for the collection, disbursement, management and security of public monies in the United States and abroad, and related government-wide accounting and reporting for those funds. Programs of interest in the Fiscal Service are cash and debt management and forecasting, accounting policy, and the Bureau of the Fiscal Service. The Fiscal Assistant Secretary leads this office.","head_title":"Commissioner of the Fiscal Service","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"http://www.fiscal.treasury.gov","topics":["federal payments","treasury bonds","public debt","government accounting"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of the Fiscal Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-the-fiscal-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Bureau of the Fiscal Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/bureau-of-the-fiscal-service"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.occ","name":"Office of the Comptroller of the Currency","acronym":"OCC","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) charters, regulates, and supervises all national banks. It also supervises the federal branches and agencies of foreign banks.","description":"The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency was created February 25, 1863, (12 Stat. 665), as an independent bureau of the Department of the Treasury. Its mission is to ensure that national banks, federal savings associations, and federal branches and agencies of foreign banking organizations operating in the United States (banks) operate in a safe and sound manner, provide fair access to financial services, treat customers fairly, and comply with applicable laws and regulations.\n\nThe Office is headed by the Comptroller, who is appointed for a 5-year term by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.\n\nThe Office has the power to supervise and examine banks; approve or deny applications for new bank charters, branches, or mergers; take enforcement action against banks that do not comply with laws and regulations; and issue regulations and interpretations pertaining to banks.\n\nThe Office supervises approximately 1,200 banks. The Office is independently funded through assessments on the assets of banks.","head_title":"Comptroller of the Currency","established":{"year":1863,"authority":"The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency was created February 25, 1863, (12 Stat. 665), as an independent bureau of the Department of the Treasury.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"http://www.occ.gov/","topics":["national banks","bank regulation","banking"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-the-comptroller-of-the-currency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Comptroller of the Currency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/comptroller-of-the-currency"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-occ.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Comptroller_of_the_Currency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"This vector image was created by Ali Zifan","wikidata":"Q3881026","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.ttb","name":"Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau","acronym":"TTB","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) collects taxes and enforces regulations on alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and ammunition.","description":"The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, statutorily named the Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) was established under the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (the Act) on January 24, 2003. Rendering the functions of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) into two new organizations with separate functions, the Act created a new tax and trade bureau within the Department of the Treasury, and shifted certain law enforcement functions of ATF to the Department of Justice. The Act called for the tax collection functions to remain with the Department of the Treasury; and the new organization was called the “Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau.”\n\nThe mission of TTB is to collect alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and ammunition excise taxes that are rightfully due; to protect the consumer of alcohol beverages through compliance programs that are based upon education and enforcement of the industry to ensure an effectively regulated marketplace; and to assist industry members to understand and comply with Federal tax, product, and marketing requirements associated with the commodities we regulate.","head_title":"Administrator of the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau","established":{"year":2002,"authority":"The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, statutorily named the Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) was established under the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (the Act) on January 24, 2003.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://www.ttb.gov","topics":["alcohol","tobacco","excise tax","firearms tax"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/alcohol-and-tobacco-tax-and-trade-bureau"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/alcohol-and-tobacco-tax-and-trade-bureau"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-ttb.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-AlcoholAndTobaccoTaxAndTradeBureau-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-AlcoholAndTobaccoTaxAndTradeBureau-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q2478827","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.fincen","name":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network","acronym":"FinCEN","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The U.S. Department of the Treasury established the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network in 1990 to provide a government-wide multisource financial intelligence and analysis network.","description":"The U.S. Department of the Treasury established the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network in 1990 to provide a government-wide multisource financial intelligence and analysis network. The organization's operation was broadened in 1994 to include regulatory responsibilities for administering the Bank Secrecy Act, one of the nation's most potent weapons for preventing corruption of the U.S. financial system.\n\nThe mission of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network is to enhance U.S. national security, deter and detect criminal activity, and safeguard financial systems from abuse by promoting transparency in the U.S. and international financial systems.","head_title":"Director of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://www.fincen.gov/","topics":["money laundering","financial crimes","banking","bank secrecy act"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Financial Crimes Enforcement Network","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/financial-crimes-enforcement-network"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-fincen.webp","kind":"seal","file":"FinCEN.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FinCEN.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"FinCEN","wikidata":"Q5449587","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.ofac","name":"Office of Foreign Assets Control","acronym":"OFAC","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Office of Foreign Assets Control (\"OFAC\") of the US Department of the Treasury administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions based on US foreign policy and national security goals against targeted foreign countries and regimes, terrorists, international narcotics traffickers, those engaged in activities related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and other threats to the national security, foreign policy or economy of the United States.","description":"The Office of Foreign Assets Control (\"OFAC\") of the US Department of the Treasury administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions based on US foreign policy and national security goals against targeted foreign countries and regimes, terrorists, international narcotics traffickers, those engaged in activities related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and other threats to the national security, foreign policy or economy of the United States. OFAC acts under Presidential national emergency powers, as well as authority granted by specific legislation, to impose controls on transactions and freeze assets under US jurisdiction. Many of the sanctions are based on United Nations and other international mandates, are multilateral in scope, and involve close cooperation with allied governments.","head_title":"Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://ofac.treasury.gov/","topics":["sanctions","embargoes","foreign policy"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Foreign Assets Control Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/foreign-assets-control-office"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-ofac.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"Logo of the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).jpg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_U.S._Office_of_Foreign_Assets_Control_(OFAC).jpg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Department of the Treasury.","wikidata":"Q1620015","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.cdfi","name":"Community Development Financial Institutions Fund","acronym":"CDFI Fund","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The CDFI Fund was created for the purpose of promoting economic revitalization and community development through investment in and assistance to community development financial institutions (CDFIs).","description":"The CDFI Fund was created for the purpose of promoting economic revitalization and community development through investment in and assistance to community development financial institutions (CDFIs). The CDFI Fund was established by the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994.","head_title":"Director of the CDFI Fund","established":{"year":1994,"authority":"The CDFI Fund was established by the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://www.cdfifund.gov/","topics":["community development","lending","underserved communities"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Community Development Financial Institutions Fund","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/community-development-financial-institutions-fund"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.ffb","name":"Federal Financing Bank","acronym":"FFB","aliases":[],"type":"government-corporation","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Federal Financing Bank (FFB) was created to centralize, reduce the cost of, and efficiently manage federal borrowing.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"http://www.treas.gov/ffb/","topics":["federal lending","debt"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Financing Bank","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-financing-bank"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-treasury-ffb.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-FederalFinanceBank-Seal.jpg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-FederalFinanceBank-Seal.jpg","license":"Public domain","author":"US government employee","wikidata":"Q5440223","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.treasury.oig","name":"Office of Inspector General, Department of the Treasury","acronym":"OIG","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.treasury","summary":"The Department of the Treasury's Office of Inspector General (OIG) was established in 1989 by the Secretary in accordance with the Inspector General Act Amendments of 1988.","description":"The Department of the Treasury's Office of Inspector General (OIG) was established in 1989 by the Secretary in accordance with the Inspector General Act Amendments of 1988. The OIG is headed by an Inspector General who is appointed by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. The Inspector General reports to the Secretary of the Treasury through the Deputy Secretary and provides the Secretary with independent and objective reviews of the department's operations.","head_title":"Inspector General","established":{"year":1989,"authority":"The Department of the Treasury's Office of Inspector General (OIG) was established in 1989 by the Secretary in accordance with the Inspector General Act Amendments of 1988.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Treasury"},"website":"https://oig.treasury.gov/","topics":["inspector general","oversight","audits"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Inspector General Office, Treasury Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/inspector-general-office-treasury-department"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.defense","name":"Department of Defense","acronym":"DOD","aliases":["Department of War","Pentagon","DoW"],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Defense (DOD) provides the military forces needed to deter war, and to protect the security of the United States.","description":"The Department of Defense is responsible for providing the military forces needed to deter war and protect the security of our country. The major elements of these forces are the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force, consisting of about 1.3 million men and women on active duty. They are backed, in case of emergency, by the 825,000 members of the Reserve and National Guard. In addition, there are about 600,000 civilian employees in the Defense Department. Under the President, who is also Commander in Chief, the Secretary of Defense exercises authority, direction, and control over the Department, which includes the separately organized military departments of Army, Navy, and Air Force, the Joint Chiefs of Staff providing military advice, the combatant commands, and defense agencies and field activities established for specific purposes. The National Security Act Amendments of 1949 redesignated the National Military Establishment as the Department of Defense and established it as an executive department (10 U.S.C. 111), headed by the Secretary of Defense.","head_title":"Secretary of Defense","established":{"year":1947,"authority":"National Security Act of 1947 (as the National Military Establishment); redesignated the Department of Defense by the National Security Act Amendments of 1949"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Armed Services","Senate Committee on Armed Services"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.defense.gov/","topics":["military","armed forces","army","navy","air force","marines","space force","pentagon","national security","department of war"],"note":"Since Executive Order 14347 (September 5, 2025), \"Department of War\" and \"Secretary of War\" may be used as secondary titles in non-statutory contexts. The statutory name remains the Department of Defense unless Congress changes it.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Defense","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-defense"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"},{"label":"Executive Order 14347, Restoring the United States Department of War (Federal Register, Sept. 10, 2025)","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/09/10/2025-17508/restoring-the-united-states-department-of-war"}],"order":2,"cabinet_rank":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Defense.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of Defense","wikidata":"Q11209","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.jcs","name":"Joint Chiefs of Staff","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.defense","summary":"The Joint Chiefs of Staff coordinate planning and strategy across the military services.","description":null,"head_title":"Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.jcs.mil/","topics":["joint chiefs","military advice","chairman"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Joint Chiefs of Staff","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/joint-chiefs-of-staff"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-jcs.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Joint Chiefs of Staff seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States government","wikidata":"Q609474","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup","name":"Military Departments","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.defense","summary":"The three separately organized military departments of DoD — Army, Navy and Air Force — each headed by a civilian secretary under the Secretary of Defense.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":null,"topics":["military departments"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-department"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.army","name":"Department of the Army","acronym":"DA","aliases":[],"type":"military-department","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup","summary":"The U.S. Army organizes, trains, and equips active duty and Reserve forces to preserve the peace, security, and defense of the United States.","description":"The mission of the Department of the Army is to organize, train, and equip active duty and reserve forces for the preservation of peace, security, and the defense of our Nation. As part of our national military team, the Army focuses on land operations; its soldiers must be trained with modern arms and equipment and be ready to respond quickly.\n\nThe Army also administers programs aimed at protecting the environment, improving waterway navigation, flood and beach erosion control, and water resource development. It provides military assistance to Federal, State, and local government agencies, including natural disaster relief assistance.\n\nThe American Continental Army, now called the United States Army, was established by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, more than a year before the Declaration of Independence. The Department of War was established as an executive department at the seat of government by act approved August 7, 1789 (1 Stat. 49). The Secretary of War was established as its head. The National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 401) created the National Military Establishment, and the Department of War was designated the Department of the Army. The title of its Secretary became Secretary of the Army (5 U.S.C. 171). The National Security Act Amendments of 1949 (63 Stat. 578) provided that the Department of the Army be a military department within the Department of Defense.","head_title":"Secretary of the Army","established":{"year":1775,"authority":"The American Continental Army, now called the United States Army, was established by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, more than a year before the Declaration of Independence.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.army.mil/","topics":["army","soldiers","land forces"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Army","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-army"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Army Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/army-department"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-milgroup-army.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Emblem of the United States Department of the Army.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Army Institute of Heraldry","wikidata":"Q1328562","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.army.usace","name":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","acronym":"USACE","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.army","summary":"The Army Corps of Engineers provides public engineering services in peace and war to strengthen national security, energize the economy, and reduce risks from disasters.","description":"The Corps story began more than 200 years ago when Congress established the Continental Army with a provision for a chief engineer on June 16, 1775. The Army established the Corps of Engineers as a separate, permanent branch on March 16, 1802, and gave the engineers responsibility for founding and operating the U.S. Military Academy at West Point.\n\nSince then, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has responded to changing defense requirements and played an integral part in the development of the country. Throughout the 19th century, the Corps built coastal fortifications, surveyed roads and canals, eliminated navigational hazards, explored and mapped the Western frontier, and constructed buildings and monuments in the Nation's capital. While the mission and tasks have evolved with the needs and priorities of the Nation, the dedication and commitment of the workforce has remained constant.\n\nToday, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has approximately 34,000 dedicated Civilians and Soldiers delivering engineering services to customers in more than 90 countries worldwide. With environmental sustainability as a guiding principle, our disciplined Corps team is working diligently to strengthen our Nation's security by building and maintaining America's infrastructure and providing military facilities where our servicemembers train, work and live. We are also researching and developing technology for our war fighters while protecting America's interests abroad by using our engineering expertise to promote stability and improve quality of life. We are energizing the economy by dredging America's waterways to support the movement of critical commodities and providing recreation opportunities at our campgrounds, lakes and marinas. And by devising hurricane and storm damage reduction infrastructure, we are reducing risks from disasters.","head_title":"Chief of Engineers","established":{"year":1775,"authority":"The Corps story began more than 200 years ago when Congress established the Continental Army with a provision for a chief engineer on June 16, 1775.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"http://www.usace.army.mil/","topics":["corps of engineers","dams","levees","waterways","civil works"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-army-corps-of-engineers"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Engineers Corps","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/engineers-corps"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-milgroup-army-usace.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"United States Army Corps of Engineers logo.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers_logo.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Army Corps of Engineers","wikidata":"Q1049334","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.navy","name":"Department of the Navy","acronym":"DON","aliases":[],"type":"military-department","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup","summary":"The Navy's primary mission is to defend the United States.","description":"The primary mission of the Department of the Navy is to protect the United States, as directed by the President or the Secretary of Defense, by the effective prosecution of war at sea including, with its Marine Corps component, the seizure or defense of advanced naval bases; to support, as required, the forces of all military departments of the United States; and to maintain freedom of the seas. The United States Navy was founded on October 13, 1775, when Congress enacted the first legislation creating the Continental Navy of the American Revolution. The Department of the Navy and the Office of Secretary of the Navy were established by act of April 30, 1798 (10 U.S.C. 5011, 5031). For 9 years prior to that date, by act of August 7, 1789 (1 Stat. 49), the conduct of naval affairs was under the Secretary of War. The National Security Act Amendments of 1949 provided that the Department of the Navy be a military department within the Department of Defense (63 Stat. 578).","head_title":"Secretary of the Navy","established":{"year":1775,"authority":"The United States Navy was founded on October 13, 1775, when Congress enacted the first legislation creating the Continental Navy of the American Revolution.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.navy.mil/","topics":["navy","sailors","naval forces","ships"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Navy","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-navy"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Navy Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/navy-department"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-milgroup-navy.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of the Navy.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Army Institute Of Heraldry","wikidata":"Q742787","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.navy.usmc","name":"U.S. Marine Corps","acronym":"USMC","aliases":[],"type":"military-service","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.navy","summary":"The Marine Corps is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for delivering task forces on land, at sea, and in the air.","description":null,"head_title":"Commandant of the Marine Corps","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.marines.mil/","topics":["marines","marine corps"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Marine Corps","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-marine-corps"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-milgroup-navy-usmc.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Marine Corps.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q11218","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup.airforce","name":"Department of the Air Force","acronym":"DAF","aliases":[],"type":"military-department","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.milgroup","summary":"The Air Force defends the United States in the air and space.","description":"The Department of the Air Force is responsible for defending the United States through control and exploitation of air and space. The Department of the Air Force (USAF) was established as part of the National Military Establishment by the National Security Act of 1947 (61 Stat. 502) and came into being on September 18, 1947. The National Security Act Amendments of 1949 redesignated the National Military Establishment as the Department of Defense, established it as an executive department, and made the Department of the Air Force a military department within the Department of Defense (63 Stat. 578). The Department of the Air Force is separately organized under the Secretary of the Air Force. It operates under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense (10 U.S.C. 8010). The Department consists of the Office of the Secretary of the Air Force, the Air Staff, and field organizations.","head_title":"Secretary of the Air Force","established":{"year":1947,"authority":"The Department of the Air Force (USAF) was established as part of the National Military Establishment by the National Security Act of 1947 (61 Stat. 502) and came into being on September 18, 1947.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.af.mil/","topics":["air force","airmen","aviation"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Air Force","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-air-force"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Air Force Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/air-force-department"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-milgroup-airforce.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of the Air Force.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Arthur E. 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It sits within the Department of the Air Force.","description":null,"head_title":"Chief of Space Operations","established":{"year":2019,"authority":"National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (December 20, 2019)"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.spaceforce.mil/","topics":["space force","space","satellites","guardians"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"U.S. Space Force: About (spaceforce.mil)","url":"https://www.spaceforce.mil/About-Us/About-Space-Force/"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-milgroup-airforce-ussf.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Space Force.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Space Force\n\n( Vectorization:  Adelsheim)","wikidata":"Q55088961","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.ngb","name":"National Guard Bureau","acronym":"NGB","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.defense","summary":"The National Guard provides trained units to the states, territories and the District of Columbia to protect life and property. 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coordinates cyberspace operations to defend U.S. interests.","description":null,"head_title":"Commander, U.S. Cyber Command","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.cybercom.mil/","topics":["cyber","cyberspace"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Cyber Command","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-cyber-command"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-cocoms-cybercom.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Cyber Command.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Cyber Command","wikidata":"Q1783579","property":"commons-filename"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.cocoms.eucom","name":"U.S. European Command","acronym":"USEUCOM","aliases":[],"type":"command","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.cocoms","summary":"The European 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Indo-Pacific Command (USINDOPACOM) is responsible for defending and promoting U.S. interests in the Pacific and Asia.","description":null,"head_title":"Commander, U.S. Indo-Pacific Command","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.pacom.mil/","topics":["pacific","asia"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Indo-Pacific Command","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-indo-pacific-command"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-cocoms-indopacom.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US Indo-Pacific Command Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"US Indo-Pacific Command","wikidata":"Q1410469","property":"P94"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.cocoms.northcom","name":"U.S. Northern 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Their mission includes nuclear deterrence, space, and cyberspace capabilities.","description":null,"head_title":"Commander, U.S. Strategic Command","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"http://www.stratcom.mil","topics":["nuclear deterrence","strategic forces"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Strategic Command","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-strategic-command"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-cocoms-stratcom.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Strategic Command.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Not specified","wikidata":"Q1753390","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.cocoms.transcom","name":"U.S. Transportation Command","acronym":"USTRANSCOM","aliases":[],"type":"command","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.cocoms","summary":"The U.S. Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) provides transportation services and capabilities to the other combatant commands, the military services, and defense agencies.","description":null,"head_title":"Commander, U.S. Transportation Command","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.ustranscom.mil/","topics":["logistics","transportation","mobility"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Transportation Command","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-transportation-command"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","name":"Defense Agencies","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.defense","summary":"Defense agencies are DoD organizations established to provide a supply or service activity common to more than one military department.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":null,"topics":["defense agencies"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-department"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.darpa","name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","acronym":"DARPA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) serves as the central research and development organization of the Department of Defense.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DARPA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.darpa.mil/","topics":["research","technology","innovation"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-advanced-research-projects-agency"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dcaa","name":"Defense Contract Audit Agency","acronym":"DCAA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) audits U.S. Department of Defense contracts.","description":"The Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) is a subagency of the Department of Defense under the authority, direction, and control of the Under Secretary of Defense Comptroller. It was established January 8, 1965.\n\nWhile serving the public interest as its primary customer, The DCAA performs all necessary contract audits for the Department of Defense and provides accounting and financial advisory services regarding contracts and subcontracts to all DoD Components responsible for procurement and contract administration. These services are provided in connection with negotiation, administration, and settlement of contracts and subcontracts to ensure taxpayer dollars are spent on fair and reasonable contract prices. The DCAA also provides contract audit services to other Federal agencies as appropriate.","head_title":"Director of DCAA","established":{"year":1965,"authority":"It was established January 8, 1965.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dcaa.mil","topics":["contract audits","defense contracts"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Contract Audit Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-contract-audit-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Contract Audit Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-contract-audit-agency"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dcaa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Defense Contract Audit Agency seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Defense_Contract_Audit_Agency_seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Department of Defense","wikidata":"Q5251367","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dcma","name":"Defense Contract Management Agency","acronym":"DCMA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) is responsible for contract management for the Department of Defense, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and several other federal, state, foreign and international governments and agencies. Its goal is to ensure contracts are fulfilled on time and at the correct cost.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DCMA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dcma.mil/","topics":["defense contracts","acquisition"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Contract Management Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-contract-management-agency"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dcma.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Defense Contract Management Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original: Defense Contract Management Agency Vector:  Designism","wikidata":"Q5251368","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dcsa","name":"Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency","acronym":"DCSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA) provides industrial security engagement and counterintelligence support to secure the trustworthiness of the U.S. government's workforce, contract support, technologies, services, and supply chains.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DCSA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dcsa.mil/","topics":["security clearances","background investigations","counterintelligence"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-counterintelligence-and-security-agency"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dcsa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Defense Security Service.PNG","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Defense_Security_Service.PNG","license":"Public domain","author":"Original artwork made by the Defense Security Service/Department of Defense","wikidata":"Q643524","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dfas","name":"Defense Finance and Accounting Service","acronym":"DFAS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) oversees payments to Department of Defense servicemembers, employees, vendors and contractors. The Defense Finance and Accounting Services also provides Department of Defense decision makers with business intelligence, finance and accounting information.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DFAS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dfas.mil","topics":["military pay","accounting","payroll"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Finance and Accounting Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-finance-and-accounting-service"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dfas.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Defense Finance Accounting Services (DFAS) Official Seal.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Defense_Finance_Accounting_Services_(DFAS)_Official_Seal.png","license":"Public domain","author":"James C. Manubay","wikidata":"Q5251378","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dha","name":"Defense Health Agency","acronym":"DHA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Health Agency (DHA) supports uniformed services health care, including the TRICARE health plan.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Defense Health Agency","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://dha.mil/","topics":["military health","TRICARE","military hospitals"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Health Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-health-agency"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dha.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of Defense Health Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_Defense_Health_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Defense Health Agency","wikidata":"Q16829238","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.disa","name":"Defense Information Systems Agency","acronym":"DISA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) provides a global infrastructure for information sharing and communication across the Department of Defense, from the President on down.","description":"The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) was originally established as the Defense Communication Agency (DCA) within the Department of Defense by direction of the Secretary of Defense on May 12, 1960. The DCA was renamed Defense Information Systems Agency by DoD Directive 5105.19 of June 25, 1991.\n\nDISA is a combat support agency comprised of military, federal civilian, and contractor partners. DISA engineers and provides command and control capabilities and enterprise infrastructure to continuously operate and assure a global net-centric enterprise in direct support to joint warfighters, National level leaders, and other mission and coalition partners across the full spectrum of operations.\n\n(Source: http://www.disa.mil/)","head_title":"Director of DISA","established":{"year":1960,"authority":"The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) was originally established as the Defense Communication Agency (DCA) within the Department of Defense by direction of the Secretary of Defense on May 12, 1960.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.disa.mil/","topics":["communications","IT","networks"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Information Systems Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-information-systems-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Information Systems Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-information-systems-agency"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-disa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"DISA Seal.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DISA_Seal.png","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q5251388","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dia","name":"Defense Intelligence Agency","acronym":"DIA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) provides defense intelligence to war fighters, planners, and policy makers.","description":"The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) was established on October 1, 1961 by DoD Directive 5105.21 of August 1, 1961.\n\nThe Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is a Department of Defense combat support agency and an important member of the United States Intelligence Community. It is comprised of more than 16,500 military and civilian employees worldwide, DIA is a major producer and manager of foreign military intelligence. We provide military intelligence to warfighters, defense policymakers and force planners, in the Department of Defense and the Intelligence Community, in support of U.S. military planning and operations and weapon systems acquisition.","head_title":"Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency","established":{"year":1961,"authority":"The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) was established on October 1, 1961 by DoD Directive 5105.21 of August 1, 1961.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dia.mil/","topics":["military intelligence","intelligence community"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Intelligence Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-intelligence-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Intelligence Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-intelligence-agency"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dia.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency","wikidata":"Q612276","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dla","name":"Defense Logistics Agency","acronym":"DLA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) provides logistical, acquisition, and technical support for the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps and other federal agencies and allies.","description":"In 1977, The Defense Supply Agency was renamed the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) and was placed under the authority, direction, and control of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics.\n\nDLA supports both the logistics requirements of the military services and their acquisition of weapons and other materiel. The Agency provides logistics support and technical services to all branches of the military and to a number of Federal agencies. Agency supply centers consolidate the requirements of the military services and procure the supplies in sufficient quantities to meet their projected needs. The Agency manages supplies in eight commodity areas: fuel, food, clothing, construction material, electronic supplies, general supplies, industrial supplies, and medical supplies.","head_title":"Director of the Defense Logistics Agency","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dla.mil/","topics":["logistics","supply","fuel"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Logistics Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-logistics-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Defense Logistics Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-logistics-agency"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dla.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Defense Logistics Agency.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.png","license":"Public domain","author":"This image includes elements that have been taken or adapted from this file:","wikidata":"Q843327","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dsca","name":"Defense Security Cooperation Agency","acronym":"DSCA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) supports U.S. national security and foreign policy interests. They train, educate, advise, and equip foreign security forces to respond to shared challenges.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DSCA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dsca.mil/","topics":["foreign military sales","arms sales","security cooperation"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Security Cooperation Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-security-cooperation-agency"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dsca.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency.jpg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_Security_Cooperation_Agency.jpg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Army","wikidata":"Q3704710","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dtra","name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","acronym":"DTRA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is a combat support agency whose goal is to reduce the threat posed by weapons of mass destruction.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DTRA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dtra.mil","topics":["weapons of mass destruction","WMD","nuclear threats"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Threat Reduction Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-threat-reduction-agency"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dtra.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q749381","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.mda","name":"Missile Defense Agency","acronym":"MDA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) is a research, development, and acquisition agency that works on ballistic missile defense systems for the United States and its allies.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Missile Defense Agency","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.mda.mil/","topics":["missile defense"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Missile Defense Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/missile-defense-agency"}],"order":11,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-mda.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the U.S. Missile Defense Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._Missile_Defense_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q1322743","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.nga","name":"National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency","acronym":"NGA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) provides location-based intelligence in support of national security.","description":"The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency is the nation’s primary source of geospatial intelligence for the Department of Defense and the U.S. Intelligence Community. NGA delivers world-class geospatial intelligence that provides a decisive advantage to policymakers, military service members, intelligence professionals and first responders. It is a unique combination of intelligence agency and combat support agency, and is the world leader in timely, relevant, accurate and actionable GEOINT. NGA manages a global consortium of more than 400 commercial and government relationships, and the agency director serves as the functional manager for GEOINT, the head of the National System for Geospatial Intelligence and the coordinator of the global Allied System for Geospatial Intelligence. In this capacity, the director is charged with synchronizing operations to realize a professional, interoperable, agile and integrated GEOINT enterprise. NGA is headquartered in Springfield, Virginia, and has two major locations in St. Louis and Arnold, Missouri. Approximately 14,500 civilian, military and contractor employees work across more than 100 locations in the U.S. and 20 international locations.","head_title":"Director of NGA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"http://www.nga.mil/","topics":["maps","satellite imagery","geospatial intelligence"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-geospatial-intelligence-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-geospatial-intelligence-agency"}],"order":12,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-nga.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-OrigSeal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-OrigSeal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q1296491","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.nsa","name":"National Security Agency/Central Security Service","acronym":"NSA/CSS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The National Security Agency (NSA) protects national security systems and information.","description":"The National Security Agency (NSA) was established in 1952, and the Central Security Service (CSS) was established in 1972. NSA/CSS is under the authority, direction, and control of the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence. As the Nation's cryptologic organization, NSA/CSS employs the Nation's premier codemakers and codebreakers. It ensures an informed, alert, and secure environment for U.S. warfighters and policymakers. The cryptologic resources of NSA/CSS unite to provide U.S. policymakers with intelligence information derived from America's adversaries while protecting U.S. Government signals and information systems from exploitation by those same adversaries.","head_title":"Director of the National Security Agency","established":{"year":1952,"authority":"The National Security Agency (NSA) was established in 1952, and the Central Security Service (CSS) was established in 1972.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"http://www.nsa.gov/","topics":["signals intelligence","cybersecurity","codebreaking","intelligence community"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Security Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-security-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Security Agency/Central Security Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-security-agency-central-security-service"}],"order":13,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-nsa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the U.S. National Security Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. government","wikidata":"Q121194","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.nro","name":"National Reconnaissance Office","acronym":"NRO","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) is responsible for designing, building, launching, and maintaining intelligence satellites.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the National Reconnaissance Office","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.nro.gov/","topics":["spy satellites","reconnaissance","intelligence community"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Reconnaissance Office","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-reconnaissance-office"}],"order":14,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-nro.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"NRO.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NRO.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q427818","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.dpaa","name":"Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency","acronym":"DPAA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Department of Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) works to recover service members who became missing during their service.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of DPAA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.dpaa.mil/","topics":["POW","MIA","missing service members"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-pow/mia-accounting-agency"}],"order":15,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-dpaa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Defense POW-MIA Accounting Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_POW-MIA_Accounting_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original:US Army Institute of Heraldry; SVG: DraftSaturn15","wikidata":"Q18965383","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.deca","name":"Defense Commissary Agency","acronym":"DeCA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Defense Commissary Agency provides a worldwide network of commissaries that sell groceries and household supplies at low cost to members of the Armed Services.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Defense Commissary Agency","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://corp.commissaries.com/","topics":["commissaries","military grocery"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Defense Commissary Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/defense-commissary-agency"}],"order":16,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-defense-agencies-deca.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Defense Commissary Agency.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_Commissary_Agency.png","license":"Public domain","author":"","wikidata":"Q1182613","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.defense.agencies.pfpa","name":"Pentagon Force Protection Agency","acronym":"PFPA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense.agencies","summary":"The Pentagon Force Protection Agency (PFPA) is a civilian agency that protects the occupants, visitors, and infrastructure of Pentagon facilities.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of PFPA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.pfpa.mil/","topics":["pentagon security","police"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Pentagon Force Protection Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/pentagon-force-protection-agency"}],"order":17,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.defense.usu","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","acronym":"USU","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.defense","summary":"The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) is comprised of a School of Medicine and a School of Nursing, providing higher health sciences education and training to service members.","description":"Authorized by act of September 21, 1972 (10 U.S.C. 2112), the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences was established to educate career-oriented medical officers for the Military Departments and the Public Health Service. The University currently incorporates the F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine (including graduate and continuing education programs) and the Graduate School of Nursing.\n\nStudents are selected by procedures recommended by the Board of Regents and prescribed by the Secretary of Defense. The actual selection is carried out by a faculty committee on admissions and is based upon motivation and dedication to a career in the uniformed services and an overall appraisal of the personal and intellectual characteristics of the candidates without regard to sex, race, religion, or national origin. Applicants must be U.S. citizens.\n\nMedical school matriculants will be commissioned officers in one of the uniformed services. They must meet the physical and personal qualifications for such a commission and must give evidence of a strong commitment to serving as a uniformed medical officer. The graduating medical student is required to serve a period of obligation of not less than 7 years, excluding graduate medical education.\n\nStudents of the Graduate School of Nursing must be commissioned officers of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Public Health Service prior to application. Graduate nursing students must serve a commitment determined by their respective service.","head_title":"President of the University","established":{"year":1972,"authority":"Authorized by act of September 21, 1972 (10 U.S.C. 2112), the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences was established to educate career-oriented medical officers for the Military Departments and the Public Health Service.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Defense"},"website":"https://www.usuhs.edu/","topics":["military medicine","medical school"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/uniformed-services-university-of-the-health-sciences"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/uniformed-services-university-of-the-health-sciences"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice","name":"Department of Justice","acronym":"DOJ","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Justice (DOJ) enforces federal laws, seeks just punishment for the guilty, and ensures the fair and impartial administration of justice.","description":"The U.S. Department of Justice serves as counsel for its citizens. It represents them in enforcing the law in the public interest. Through its thousands of lawyers, investigators, and agents, the Department plays the key role in protection against criminals and subversion, ensuring healthy business competition, safeguarding the consumer, and enforcing drug, immigration, and naturalization laws.\n\nThe Department of Justice was established by act of June 22, 1870 (28 U.S.C. 501, 503, 509 note), with the Attorney General as its head. The affairs and activities of the Department of Justice are generally directed by the Attorney General.","head_title":"Attorney General","established":{"year":1870,"authority":"Act of June 22, 1870 (the office of Attorney General dates to the Judiciary Act of 1789)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on the Judiciary","Senate Committee on the Judiciary"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/","topics":["law enforcement","federal prosecution","crime","prisons","civil rights","antitrust","courts","immigration courts"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Justice","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-justice"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Justice Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/justice-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":3,"cabinet_rank":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Justice.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. government","wikidata":"Q1553390","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.fbi","name":"Federal Bureau of Investigation","acronym":"FBI","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) enforces federal law, and investigates a variety of criminal activity including terrorism, cybercrime, white collar crimes, public corruption, civil rights violations, and other major crimes. In an emergency dial 911!","description":"The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice. It is primarily charged with gathering and reporting facts, locating witnesses, and compiling evidence in cases involving Federal jurisdiction. It also provides law enforcement leadership and assistance to State and international law enforcement agencies.\n\nThe Federal Bureau of Investigation was established in 1908 by the Attorney General, who directed that Department of Justice investigations be handled by its own staff. The Bureau is charged with investigating all violations of Federal law except those that have been assigned by legislative enactment or otherwise to another Federal agency. Its jurisdiction includes a wide range of responsibilities in the national security, criminal, and civil fields. Priority has been assigned to areas such as counterterrorism, counterintelligence, cyber-crimes, internationally and nationally organized crime/drug matters, and financial crimes.\n\nThe FBI also offers cooperative services to local, State, and international law enforcement agencies. These services include fingerprint identification, laboratory examination, police training, the Law Enforcement Online communication and information service for use by the law enforcement community, the National Crime Information Center, and the National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime.","head_title":"Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation","established":{"year":1908,"authority":"Created as the Bureau of Investigation on July 26, 1908; named FBI in 1935"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.fbi.gov","topics":["FBI","investigations","counterterrorism","crime","counterintelligence"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Bureau of Investigation","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-bureau-of-investigation"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Bureau of Investigation","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-bureau-of-investigation"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-fbi.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Federal Bureau of Investigation","wikidata":"Q8333","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.dea","name":"Drug Enforcement Administration","acronym":"DEA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) enforces the United States' controlled substance laws and regulations and aims to reduce the supply of and demand for such substances.","description":"The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is the lead Federal agency in enforcing narcotics and controlled substances laws and regulations. DEA also enforces the Federal money laundering and bulk currency smuggling statutes when the funds involved in the transactions or smuggling are derived from the sale of narcotics. It was created in July 1973 by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973 (5 U.S.C. app.).\n\nDEA enforces the provisions of the controlled substances and chemical diversion and trafficking laws and regulations of the United States, and operates on a worldwide basis. It presents cases to the criminal and civil justice systems of the United States--or any other competent jurisdiction--on those significant organizations and their members involved in cultivation, production, smuggling, distribution, laundering of proceeds, or diversion of controlled substances appearing in or destined for illegal traffic in the United States. DEA disrupts and dismantles these organizations by arresting their members, confiscating their drugs, and seizing their assets; and creates, manages, and supports enforcement-related programs--domestically and internationally--aimed at reducing the availability of and demand for illicit controlled substances.","head_title":"Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration","established":{"year":1973,"authority":"It was created in July 1973 by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973 (5 U.S.C. app.).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.dea.gov/","topics":["drugs","narcotics","controlled substances","opioids"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Drug Enforcement Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/drug-enforcement-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Drug Enforcement Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/drug-enforcement-administration"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-dea.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-DrugEnforcementAdministration-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-DrugEnforcementAdministration-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q622899","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.atf","name":"Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives","acronym":"ATF","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) enforces federal criminal laws regulating the firearms and explosives industries.","description":"The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is responsible for enforcing Federal criminal laws and regulating the firearms and explosives industries.\n\nATF, formerly known as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, was initially established by Department of Treasury Order No. 221, effective July 1, 1972, which transferred the functions, powers, and duties arising under laws relating to alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives from the Internal Revenue Service to ATF. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 531) transferred certain functions and authorities of ATF to the Department of Justice and established it under its current name. ATF works, directly and through partnerships, to investigate and reduce violent crime involving firearms and explosives, acts of arson, and illegal trafficking of alcohol and tobacco products.\n\nThe Bureau provides training and support to its Federal, State, local, and international law enforcement partners and works primarily in 23 field divisions across the 50 States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam. It also has foreign offices in Mexico, Canada, Colombia, and France.","head_title":"Director of ATF","established":{"year":1972,"authority":"ATF, formerly known as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, was initially established by Department of Treasury Order No. 221, effective July 1, 1972, which transferred the functions, powers, and duties arising under laws relating to alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives from the Internal Revenue Service to ATF. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 531) transferred certain functions and authorities of ATF to the Department of Justice and established it under its current name.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.atf.gov/","topics":["guns","firearms","explosives","arson"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-alcohol-tobacco-firearms-and-explosives"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/alcohol-tobacco-firearms-and-explosives-bureau"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-atf.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Federal Government","wikidata":"Q434371","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.usms","name":"U.S. Marshals Service","acronym":"USMS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The U.S. Marshals Service (USMS) provides security to the federal judiciary and manages the witness security program. It manages and sells seized or forfeited assets of criminals, is responsible for the confinement and transportation of federal prisoners who have not been turned over to the Bureau of Prisons and is the primary federal agency responsible for fugitive investigations.","description":"The United States Marshals Service is the Nation's oldest Federal law enforcement agency, having served as a vital link between the executive and judicial branches of the Government since 1789. The Marshals Service performs tasks that are essential to the operation of virtually every aspect of the Federal justice system.","head_title":"Director of the U.S. Marshals Service","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.usmarshals.gov/","topics":["fugitives","court security","witness protection"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Marshals Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-marshals-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: United States Marshals Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/united-states-marshals-service"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-usms.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Marshals Service.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Marshals_Service.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"USMS Publishing & Multimedia Services","wikidata":"Q934866","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.bop","name":"Federal Bureau of Prisons","acronym":"BOP","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP) manages federal prisons, and community-based facilities that provide work and opportunities to assist offenders.","description":"The mission of the Bureau of Prisons is to protect society by confining offenders in the controlled environments of prisons and community-based facilities that are safe, humane, cost-efficient, and appropriately secure, and that provide work and other self-improvement opportunities to assist offenders in becoming law-abiding citizens. The Bureau has its headquarters also known as Central Office, in Washington, DC. The Central Office is divided into nine divisions, including the National Institute of Corrections.","head_title":"Director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.bop.gov/","topics":["prisons","inmates","incarceration"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Bureau of Prisons","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-bureau-of-prisons"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Prisons Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/prisons-bureau"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-bop.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Federal Bureau of Prisons.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Prisons.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Federal Government; Pbroks13","wikidata":"Q1400015","property":"commons-filename"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.eoir","name":"Executive Office for Immigration Review","acronym":"EOIR","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) administers the immigration court system, which decides whether an individual charged with violating immigration law should be allowed to stay in the country or not.","description":"The Executive Office for Immigration Review, under a delegation of authority from the Attorney General, is charged with adjudicating matters brought under various immigration statutes to its three administrative tribunals: the Board of Immigration Appeals, the Office of the Chief Immigration Judge, and the Office of the Chief Administrative Hearing Officer.","head_title":"Director of EOIR","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir","topics":["immigration courts","immigration judges","deportation hearings"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Executive Office for Immigration Review","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/executive-office-for-immigration-review"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Executive Office for Immigration Review","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/executive-office-for-immigration-review"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-eoir.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Executive Office for Immigration Review.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Executive_Office_for_Immigration_Review.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of Justice","wikidata":"Q5419844","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.ojp","name":"Office of Justice Programs","acronym":"OJP","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Office of Justice Programs (OJP) is a research and grant-making organization that works to provide local and state law enforcement agencies with information, training, coordination, and innovative strategies for dealing with the most pressing law enforcement issues.","description":"The Office of Justice Programs (OJP) provides innovative leadership to federal, state, local, and tribal justice systems, by disseminating state-of-the art knowledge and practices across America, and providing grants for the implementation of these crime fighting strategies. Because most of the responsibility for crime control and prevention falls to law enforcement officers in states, cities, and neighborhoods, the federal government can be effective in these areas only to the extent that it can enter into partnerships with these officers. Therefore, OJP does not directly carry out law enforcement and justice activities. Instead, OJP works in partnership with the justice community to identify the most pressing crime-related challenges confronting the justice system and to provide information, training, coordination, and innovative strategies and approaches for addressing these challenges.","head_title":"Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Justice Programs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://ojp.gov/","topics":["grants","crime victims","justice research"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Justice Programs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-justice-programs"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Justice Programs Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/justice-programs-office"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-ojp.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-OfficeOfJusticePrograms-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-OfficeOfJusticePrograms-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q4476399","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.ojp.bjs","name":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","acronym":"BJS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.justice.ojp","summary":"The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) publishes information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of BJS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://bjs.ojp.gov/","topics":["crime statistics"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Justice Statistics","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-justice-statistics"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.ojp.nij","name":"National Institute of Justice","acronym":"NIJ","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.justice.ojp","summary":"The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) is dedicated to improving knowledge and understanding of crime and justice issues through science.","description":"NIJ was created in 1969 by the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act as the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice with the purpose of monitoring and supporting federally funded criminal justice research to assist State and local governments to improve police, courts and corrections issues. Renamed National Institute of Justice in 1978, NIJ currently functions as the research, development and evaluation agency of the U.S. Department of Justice.","head_title":"Director of NIJ","established":{"year":1969,"authority":"NIJ was created in 1969 by the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act as the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice with the purpose of monitoring and supporting federally funded criminal justice research to assist State and local governments to improve police, courts and corrections issues.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://nij.ojp.gov/","topics":["criminal justice research","forensics"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute of Justice","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-justice"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Institute of Justice","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-justice"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.ojp.ojjdp","name":"Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention","acronym":"OJJDP","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice.ojp","summary":"The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) sponsors research, programs and training initiatives in an effort to strengthen the juvenile justice system and serve at risk youth and their families.","description":"The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) was founded in 1974 as a result of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act of 1974 (Pub. L. No. 93-415, 42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) and is guided by subsequent amendments.\n\nOJJDP provides national leadership, coordination, and resources to prevent and respond to juvenile delinquency and victimization. OJJDP supports states and communities in their efforts to develop and implement effective and coordinated prevention and intervention programs and to improve the juvenile justice system so that it protects public safety, holds offenders accountable, and provides treatment and rehabilitative services tailored to the needs of juveniles and their families.","head_title":"Administrator of OJJDP","established":{"year":1974,"authority":"The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) was founded in 1974 as a result of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act of 1974 (Pub.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"http://www.ojjdp.gov/index.html","topics":["juvenile justice","youth"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-juvenile-justice-and-delinquency-prevention"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/juvenile-justice-and-delinquency-prevention-office"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.crt","name":"Civil Rights Division","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"division","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Civil Rights Division is responsible for enforcing federal statutes that prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, disability or national origin.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/crt","topics":["civil rights","discrimination","voting rights"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Civil Rights Division, Department of Justice","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/civil-rights-division-department-of-justice"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.atr","name":"Antitrust Division","acronym":"ATR","aliases":[],"type":"division","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Antitrust Division promotes economic competition through enforcing and providing guidance on antitrust laws and principles.","description":"The Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division is responsible for promoting and maintaining competitive markets by enforcing the Federal antitrust laws. This involves investigating possible antitrust violations, conducting grand jury proceedings, reviewing proposed mergers and acquisitions, preparing and trying antitrust cases, prosecuting appeals, and negotiating and enforcing final judgments. The Division prosecutes serious and willful violations of antitrust laws by filing criminal suits that can lead to large fines and jail sentences.\n\nWhere criminal prosecution is not appropriate, the Division seeks a court order forbidding future violations of the law and requiring steps by the defendant to remedy the anticompetitive effects of past violations.\n\nThe Division also is responsible for acting as an advocate of competition within the Federal Government as well as internationally. This involves formal appearances in Federal administrative agency proceedings, development of legislative initiatives to promote deregulation and eliminate unjustifiable exemptions from the antitrust laws, and participation on executive branch policy task forces and in multilateral international organizations. The Division provides formal advice to other agencies on the competitive implications of proposed transactions requiring Federal approval, such as mergers of financial institutions.","head_title":"Assistant Attorney General for Antitrust","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/atr","topics":["antitrust","competition","mergers","monopolies"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Antitrust Division","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/antitrust-division"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Antitrust Division","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/antitrust-division"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.ovw","name":"Office on Violence Against Women","acronym":"OVW","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) reduces violence against women. They help victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. If you are in immediate danger, call 911.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of OVW","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/ovw","topics":["domestic violence","sexual assault"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office on Violence Against Women","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-on-violence-against-women"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-justice-ovw.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Office on Violence Against Women Seal.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Office_on_Violence_Against_Women_Seal.png","license":"Public domain","author":"Office on Violence Against Women","wikidata":"Q7079431","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.justice.cops","name":"Office of Community Oriented Policing Services","acronym":"COPS","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) advances the practice of community policing through sharing information and making grants to police departments in the United States.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the COPS Office","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://cops.usdoj.gov/","topics":["policing","police grants"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Community Oriented Policing Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/community-oriented-policing-services"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.ust","name":"U.S. Trustee Program","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The U.S. Trustee Program protects the integrity of the Federal bankruptcy system. The Program monitors the conduct of bankruptcy parties and private estate trustees. It also identifies and helps investigate bankruptcy fraud and abuse.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the U.S. Trustee Program","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/ust","topics":["bankruptcy"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Trustee Program","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-trustee-program"}],"order":11,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.uspc","name":"U.S. Parole Commission","acronym":"USPC","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The U.S. Parole Commission considers prisoners' applications for parole, deciding whether or not a prisoner has earned a chance to reintegrate into the community.","description":"The United States Parole Commission (USPC) makes parole release decisions for eligible Federal and District of Columbia prisoners; authorizes methods of release and conditions under which release occurs; prescribes, modifies, and monitors compliance with the terms and conditions governing offenders' behavior while on parole or mandatory or supervised release; issues warrants for violation of supervision; determines probable cause for the revocation process; revokes parole, mandatory, or supervised release; releases from supervision those offenders who are no longer a risk to public safety; and promulgates the rules, regulations, and guidelines for the exercise of USPC's authority and the implementation of a national parole policy. USPC has sole jurisdiction over the following: Federal offenders who committed offenses before November 1, 1987; D.C. Code offenders who committed offenses before August 5, 2000; D.C. Code offenders sentenced to a term of supervised release; Uniform Code of Military Justice offenders who are in Bureau of Prison's custody; transfer treaty cases; and State probationers and parolees in the Federal Witness Protection Program.","head_title":"Chairman of the U.S. Parole Commission","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/uspc","topics":["parole"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Parole Commission","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-parole-commission"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Parole Commission","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/parole-commission"}],"order":12,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.pardon","name":"Office of the Pardon Attorney","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Office of the Pardon Attorney assists the president in the exercise of executive clemency by reviewing clemency applications and making recommendations.","description":null,"head_title":"Pardon Attorney","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/pardon","topics":["pardons","clemency"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of the Pardon Attorney","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-the-pardon-attorney"}],"order":13,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.interpol","name":"INTERPOL Washington (U.S. National Central Bureau)","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"Interpol Washington, the U.S. National Central Bureau, coordinates law enforcement activities between U.S. agencies and their international counterparts.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of INTERPOL Washington","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/interpol-washington","topics":["interpol","international policing"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. National Central Bureau - Interpol","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-national-central-bureau-interpol"}],"order":14,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.fcsc","name":"Foreign Claims Settlement Commission","acronym":"FCSC","aliases":[],"type":"commission","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission (FCSC) is a quasi-judicial body that hears claims cases brought by U.S. nationals against foreign governments. The jurisdiction of the body is specific, and its decisions are final.","description":"The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States is a quasi-judicial, independent agency within the Department of Justice which adjudicates claims of U.S. nationals against foreign governments, either under specific jurisdiction conferred by Congress or pursuant to international claims settlement agreements. The decisions of the Commission are final and are not reviewable under any standard by any court or other authority. Funds for payment of the Commission's awards are derived from congressional appropriations, international claims settlements, or the liquidation of foreign assets in the United States by the Departments of Justice and the Treasury.\n\nThe Commission also has authority to receive, determine the validity and amount, and provide for the payment of claims by members of the U.S. armed services and civilians held as prisoners of war or interned by a hostile force in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam conflict, or by the survivors of such service members and civilians.\n\nThe Commission is also responsible for maintaining records and responding to inquiries related to the various claims programs it has conducted against the Governments of Albania, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Ethiopia, the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Panama, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union, Vietnam, and Yugoslavia, as well as those authorized under the War Claims Act of 1948 and other statutes.","head_title":"Chair of the Commission","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://www.justice.gov/fcsc","topics":["claims against foreign governments"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Foreign Claims Settlement Commission","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/foreign-claims-settlement-commission"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Foreign Claims Settlement Commission","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/foreign-claims-settlement-commission"}],"order":15,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.justice.nic","name":"National Institute of Corrections","acronym":"NIC","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.justice","summary":"The National Institute of Corrections (NIC) gives training, technical assistance, and information services to federal, state, and local corrections facilities.","description":"The National Institute of Corrections (NIC) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Prisons. NIC was established by Public Law 93-415.\n\nNIC provides training, technical assistance, information services, and policy/program development assistance to Federal, State, and local corrections agencies.\n\nThe National Institute of Corrections also awards funds through cooperative agreements to support various program initiatives. It aslo provides leadership to influence correctional policies, practices, and operations nationwide in areas of emerging interest and concern to correctional executives and practitioners as well as public policymakers.","head_title":"Director of NIC","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Justice"},"website":"https://nicic.gov/","topics":["corrections","jails"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute of Corrections","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-corrections"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Institute of Corrections","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-corrections"}],"order":16,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.interior","name":"Department of the Interior","acronym":"DOI","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of the Interior (DOI) manages public lands and minerals, national parks, and wildlife refuges and upholds Federal trust responsibilities to Indian tribes and Native Alaskans. Additionally, Interior is responsible for endangered species conservation and other environmental conservation efforts.","description":"The Department of the Interior protects and provides access to our Nation's natural and cultural heritage and honors our trust responsibilities to tribes and our commitments to island communities. The Department of the Interior was created by act of March 3, 1849 (43 U.S.C. 1451), which transferred to it the General Land Office, the Office of Indian Affairs, the Pension Office, and the Patent Office. It was reorganized by Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1950, as amended (5 U.S.C. app.). The Department manages the Nation's public lands and minerals, national parks, national wildlife refuges, and western water resources and upholds Federal trust responsibilities to Indian tribes and Alaskan natives. It is also responsible for migratory wildlife conservation; historic preservation; endangered species conservation; surface-mined lands protection and restoration; mapping geological, hydrological, and biological science for the Nation; and for financial and technical assistance for the insular areas.","head_title":"Secretary of the Interior","established":{"year":1849,"authority":"Act of March 3, 1849 (43 U.S.C. 1451)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Natural Resources","Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.doi.gov/","topics":["public lands","national parks","wildlife","tribes","native americans","water","mining","offshore energy"],"note":"Secretarial Order 3451 (July 10, 2026) reunified the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement into the Marine Minerals Administration.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of the Interior","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-the-interior"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Interior Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/interior-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"},{"label":"DOI Secretarial Order 3451 – Establishment of the Marine Minerals Administration","url":"https://www.doi.gov/document-library/secretary-order/so-3451-establishment-marine-minerals-administration"}],"order":4,"cabinet_rank":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of the Interior.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. federal government","wikidata":"Q608427","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.nps","name":"National Park Service","acronym":"NPS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The National Park Service (NPS) cares for the more than 400 national parks in the United States. The National Park Service partners with local communities to assist in historic preservation and the creation and maintenance of recreational spaces.","description":"The National Park Service was established in the Department of the Interior on August 25, 1916 (16 U.S.C. 1).\n\nThere are close to 400 units in the National Park System, including national parks, monuments and memorials, scenic parkways, preserves, reserves, trails, riverways, wild and scenic rivers, seashores, lakeshores, recreation areas, battlefields and battlefield parks and sites, national military parks, international historic sites, and historic sites associated with important movements, events, and personalities of the American past.\n\nThe National Park Service is dedicated to conserving unimpaired the Natural and cultural resources and values of the National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations.","head_title":"Director of the National Park Service","established":{"year":1916,"authority":"National Park Service Organic Act (August 25, 1916)"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.nps.gov/index.htm","topics":["national parks","monuments","historic sites"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Park Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-park-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Park Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-park-service"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-nps.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"US-NationalParkService-Logo.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-NationalParkService-Logo.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. government, National Park Service","wikidata":"Q308439","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.fws","name":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","acronym":"FWS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) works to conserve, protect and enhance fish, wildlife and plants and their habitats.","description":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is the only agency in the Federal government whose primary responsibility is the conservation and management of fish, wildlife, plants and their habitats for the American people. Its origins date back to 1871 when Congress established the U.S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries to study why the nation’s food fishes were decreasing and recommend ways to reverse that decline. A second predecessor agency, the Bureau of Biological Survey, was established in 1885. In 1939, Fisheries and Biological Survey were moved to the Department of the Interior, and on June 30, 1940, they were combined to create the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","head_title":"Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","established":{"year":1871,"authority":"Its origins date back to 1871 when Congress established the U.S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries to study why the nation’s food fishes were decreasing and recommend ways to reverse that decline.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.fws.gov/","topics":["wildlife","endangered species","wildlife refuges","fish","hunting"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Fish and Wildlife Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/fish-and-wildlife-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Fish and Wildlife Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/fish-and-wildlife-service"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-fws.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government (Fish and Wildlife Service)","wikidata":"Q674113","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.blm","name":"Bureau of Land Management","acronym":"BLM","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) manages outdoor recreation, livestock grazing, mineral development, and energy production on public lands.","description":"The Bureau of Land Management was established July 16, 1946, by the consolidation of the General Land Office (created in 1812) and the Grazing Service (formed in 1934).\n\nThe Bureau manages more land--256 million surface acres--than any other Federal Government agency. Most of this public land is located in 12 western States, including Alaska. There are also small, scattered parcels in States east of the Mississippi River. The Bureau also administers more than 700 million acres of subsurface mineral estate throughout the Nation. These public lands make up about 13 percent of the total land surface of the United States and more than 40 percent of all land managed by the Federal Government. The Bureau preserves open space in the fast-growing, fast-changing West by managing the public lands for multiple uses and by conserving resources so that current and future generations may use and enjoy them.","head_title":"Director of the Bureau of Land Management","established":{"year":1946,"authority":"The Bureau of Land Management was established July 16, 1946, by the consolidation of the General Land Office (created in 1812) and the Grazing Service (formed in 1934).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.blm.gov/","topics":["public lands","grazing","mining","wild horses"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Land Management","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-land-management"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Land Management Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/land-management-bureau"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-blm.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"Logo of the United States Bureau of Land Management.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_United_States_Bureau_of_Land_Management.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q1010556","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.usgs","name":"U.S. Geological Survey","acronym":"USGS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is the nation's largest water, earth, and biological science and civilian mapping agency. It collects, monitors, analyzes, and provides scientific understanding of natural resource conditions, issues, and problems.","description":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was established by the Organic Act of March 3, 1879 (43 U.S.C. 31). USGS classifies public lands, examines the geological structure, and assesses the energy, mineral, water, and biology resources and products within and outside the national domain.\n\nUSGS provides relevant, objective scientific studies and information used to help address issues and solve problems dealing with natural resources, natural hazards, and the environmental effects on human and wildlife health.","head_title":"Director of the U.S. Geological Survey","established":{"year":1879,"authority":"Act of March 3, 1879"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.usgs.gov/","topics":["earthquakes","maps","geology","water data","science"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Geological Survey","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-geological-survey"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Geological Survey","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/geological-survey"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-usgs.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Geological Survey.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q193755","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.bia","name":"Bureau of Indian Affairs","acronym":"BIA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The mission of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is to enhance the quality of life, to promote economic opportunity, and to carry out the responsibility to protect and improve the trust assets of American Indians, Indian tribes, and Alaska Natives.","description":"The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was created as part of the War Department in 1824 and transferred to the Department of the Interior when the latter was established in 1849. The mission of BIA is to fulfill its trust responsibilities and promote self-determination on behalf of federally recognized tribal governments, American Indians, and Alaska Natives. BIA provides services directly or through contracts, grants, or compacts to approximately 1.9 million American Indians and Alaska Natives, members of 573 federally recognized Indian tribes in the 48 contiguous United States and Alaska.","head_title":"Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs","established":{"year":1824,"authority":"The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was created as part of the War Department in 1824 and transferred to the Department of the Interior when the latter was established in 1849.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.bia.gov/","topics":["tribes","native americans","tribal lands","indian affairs"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Indian Affairs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-indian-affairs"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Indian Affairs Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/indian-affairs-bureau"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-bia.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Department of the Interior, SVG version Grandiose (talk · contribs)","wikidata":"Q1010563","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.bor","name":"Bureau of Reclamation","acronym":"USBR","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Bureau of Reclamation is a provider of wholesale water and hydroelectric power in the U.S.","description":"The Bureau of Reclamation was established pursuant to the Reclamation Act of 1902 (43 U.S.C. 371 et seq.). The Bureau is the largest wholesale water supplier and the second largest producer of hydroelectric power in the United States, with operations and facilities in the 17 Western States. Its facilities also provide substantial flood control, recreation, and fish and wildlife benefits.","head_title":"Commissioner of Reclamation","established":{"year":1902,"authority":"Reclamation Act of June 17, 1902"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.usbr.gov/","topics":["dams","water","irrigation","hydropower","western water"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Reclamation","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-reclamation"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Reclamation Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/reclamation-bureau"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-bor.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"USBR logo oct 2019.jpg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg","license":"Public domain","author":"U. S. Bureau of Reclamation","wikidata":"Q1010548","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.osmre","name":"Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement","acronym":"OSMRE","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) protects populations and the environment during surface coal mining operations. The Office also works to clean and put to good use abandoned mine sites. These missions are accomplished primarily through regulation and oversight of state programs.","description":"The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) was established in the Department of the Interior by the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1211). The Office's primary goal is to assist States in operating a nationwide program that protects society and the environment from the adverse effects of coal mining, while ensuring that surface coal mining can be done without permanent damage to land and water resources. With most coal mining States responsible for regulating coal mining and reclamation activities within their borders, OSM's main objectives are to oversee State mining regulatory and abandoned-mine reclamation programs, assist States in meeting the objectives of the surface mining law, and regulate mining and reclamation activities on Federal and Indian lands, and in those States choosing not to assume primary responsibility.","head_title":"Director of OSMRE","established":{"year":1977,"authority":"The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) was established in the Department of the Interior by the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1211).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"http://www.osmre.gov/","topics":["coal mining","mine reclamation"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-surface-mining-reclamation-and-enforcement"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/surface-mining-reclamation-and-enforcement-office"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-interior-osmre.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-OfficeOfSurfaceMining-MetalSeal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-OfficeOfSurfaceMining-MetalSeal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q7079316","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.interior.mma","name":"Marine Minerals Administration","acronym":"MMA","aliases":["Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","BOEM","Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement","BSEE"],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Marine Minerals Administration (MMA) manages development of the nation’s offshore energy, mineral and geological resources and enforces offshore safety and environmental rules. It replaced the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement.","description":"The Department of the Interior (DOI) Secretarial Order 3299 established the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) on May 19, 2010. DOI Secretarial Order 3451, signed on July 10, 2026, reunifies BOEM and BSEE into a single Bureau - the Marine Minerals Administration (MMA). The Secretarial Order can be found at https://www.doi.gov/document-library/secretary-order/so-3451-establishment-marine-minerals-administration.\n\nMMA manages development of the nation’s offshore energy, mineral, and geological resources in an economically beneficial and environmentally responsible way. MMA promotes safety, enforces regulations, and conserves offshore resources through strong oversight and accountability.","head_title":"Director of the Marine Minerals Administration","established":{"year":2026,"authority":"DOI Secretarial Order 3451 (July 10, 2026), reunifying BOEM and BSEE"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.boem.gov/","topics":["offshore energy","offshore drilling","outer continental shelf","minerals","oil and gas"],"note":"Created July 10, 2026 by reunifying BOEM and BSEE; some links may still point to the former bureaus.","sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Marine Minerals Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/marine-minerals-administration"},{"label":"DOI Secretarial Order 3451 – Establishment of the Marine Minerals Administration","url":"https://www.doi.gov/document-library/secretary-order/so-3451-establishment-marine-minerals-administration"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.interior.onrr","name":"Office of Natural Resources Revenue","acronym":"ONRR","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) manages the revenues from energy and mineral leases for the use of public natural resources on the Outer Continental Shelf and onshore Federal and American Indian lands.","description":"The Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) ) is entrusted with a fiduciary role, managing an average of $11 billion in annual revenues from energy and mineral leases and other monies owed for the use of public natural resources on the Outer Continental Shelf and onshore Federal and American Indian lands. Revenue sources include royalties, rents, and bonuses generated throughout the life of the lease.","head_title":"Director of ONRR","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://onrr.gov/","topics":["royalties","mineral revenue","leases"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Natural Resources Revenue","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-natural-resources-revenue"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Natural Resources Revenue Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/natural-resources-revenue-office"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.interior.iacb","name":"Indian Arts and Crafts Board","acronym":"IACB","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Indian Arts and Crafts Board (IACB) enforces the Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990 that prohibits false advertising in the marketing of Indian arts or crafts. The Board also provides certified Indian-owned business listings, provides federally recognized tribes with business assistance, and operates several Indian Arts and Crafts museums.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.doi.gov/iacb/","topics":["native american art"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Indian Arts and Crafts Board","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/indian-arts-and-crafts-board"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.interior.oig","name":"Office of Inspector General, Department of the Interior","acronym":"DOI OIG","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.interior","summary":"The Inspector General Act of 1978 authorized and established the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Office of Inspector General (OIG) as an independent and objective unit to help promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness and to prevent and detect waste, fraud, and abuse.","description":"The Inspector General Act of 1978 authorized and established the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Office of Inspector General (OIG) as an independent and objective unit to help promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness and to prevent and detect waste, fraud, and abuse. The DOI OIG conducts fair, objective, and neutral audits, inspections, evaluations, investigations, and reviews. The DOI OIG reports its findings to DOI officials and Congress. In conducting its work, the DOI OIG acts with professionalism and integrity.","head_title":"Inspector General","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of the Interior"},"website":"https://www.doioig.gov/","topics":["inspector general","oversight"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Inspector General Office, Interior Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/inspector-general-office-interior-department"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture","name":"Department of Agriculture","acronym":"USDA","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Agriculture (USDA) provides leadership on food, agriculture, natural resources, and related issues.","description":"The Department of Agriculture works to improve and maintain farm income and to develop and expand markets abroad for agricultural products. The Department helps to curb and cure poverty, hunger, and malnutrition. It works to enhance the environment and to maintain production capacity by helping landowners protect the soil, water, forests, and other natural resources. The Department, through inspection and grading services, safeguards and ensures standards of quality in the daily food supply.\n\nThe Department of Agriculture (USDA) was created by act of May 15, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 2201).","head_title":"Secretary of Agriculture","established":{"year":1862,"authority":"Act of May 15, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 2201); raised to Cabinet rank in 1889"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Agriculture","Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.usda.gov/","topics":["farming","food safety","nutrition","SNAP","food stamps","forests","rural development","crops"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Agriculture","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-agriculture"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Agriculture Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/agriculture-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":5,"cabinet_rank":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-agriculture.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._Department_of_Agriculture.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"A. H. Baldwin for the United States Department of Agriculture","wikidata":"Q501542","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.fs","name":"Forest Service","acronym":"USFS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Forest Service works to sustain the health and productivity of the nation's forests and grasslands.","description":"The U.S.Forest Service was established in 1905 under the Transfer Act of February 1, 1905 (16 U.S.C. 472) which transferred the Federal forest reserves and the responsibility for their management from the Department of the Interior to the Department of Agriculture. The mission of the USDA Forest Service is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the Nation’s forests and grasslands to meet the needs of present and future generations.","head_title":"Chief of the Forest Service","established":{"year":1905,"authority":"The U.S.Forest Service was established in 1905 under the Transfer Act of February 1, 1905 (16 U.S.C. 472) which transferred the Federal forest reserves and the responsibility for their management from the Department of the Interior to the Department of Agriculture.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/","topics":["forests","wildfire","national forests","grasslands"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Forest Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/forest-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Forest Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/forest-service"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-agriculture-fs.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"Logo of the United States Forest Service.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_United_States_Forest_Service.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Forest Service","wikidata":"Q1891156","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.fna","name":"Food and Nutrition Administration","acronym":"FNA","aliases":["Food and Nutrition Service","FNS"],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Food and Nutrition Administration (FNA) provides children and low-income people access to food, a healthful diet, and nutrition education.","description":"The Food and Nutrition Administration (FNA) administers the USDA food assistance programs. Its mission is to nourish those in need through financially sound programs that promote health and work, as well as champion the productivity of American agriculture.\n\nFNA works in partnership to deliver programs. State and local agencies receive funds and USDA Foods from the agency to support program operations consistent with Federal standards, but also tailored to the needs of local communities. Administrative and some benefit costs are shared by FNA and its partners. FNA sets standards in regulation consistent with Federal law, and provides technical assistance and oversight to ensure proper program delivery, accountability, and integrity in use of taxpayer dollars.","head_title":"Administrator of the Food and Nutrition Administration","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.fna.usda.gov/","topics":["SNAP","food stamps","school lunch","WIC","nutrition assistance"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Food and Nutrition Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/food-and-nutrition-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Food and Nutrition Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/food-and-nutrition-administration"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.fsis","name":"Food Safety and Inspection Service","acronym":"FSIS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) protects the public's health by ensuring the safety of meat, poultry and egg products.","description":"The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) was established by the Secretary of Agriculture on June 17, 1981, pursuant to authority contained in 5 U.S.C. 301 and Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 U.S.C. app.). FSIS is responsible for ensuring that the nation's commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged.\n\nMeat, Poultry, and Egg Products Inspection Federal meat and poultry inspection is mandatory for cattle, calves, swine, goats, sheep, lambs, horses (and other equines), chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and guineas used for human food. FSIS provides for the inspection of each animal or bird at slaughter and processed products during various stages of production.\n\nFSIS inspects all raw meat and poultry sold in interstate and foreign commerce, including imported products. It monitors meat and poultry products after they leave federally inspected plants. FSIS tests samples of egg products and meat and poultry products for microbial and chemical contaminants to monitor trends for enforcement purposes.\n\nFSIS provides inspection at Federal facilities for meat, poultry, and egg products, as well as voluntary inspection for animals not covered under mandatory inspection regulations such as buffalo, rabbit, and deer. It monitors meat and poultry products in storage, distribution, and retail channels; and takes necessary compliance actions to protect the public, including detention of products, voluntary product recalls, court-ordered seizures of products, administrative withdrawal of inspection, and referral for criminal prosecution. FSIS also monitors state inspection programs which inspect meat and poultry products sold only within the state in which they were produced.","head_title":"Administrator of FSIS","established":{"year":1981,"authority":"The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) was established by the Secretary of Agriculture on June 17, 1981, pursuant to authority contained in 5 U.S.C. 301 and Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 U.S.C. app.).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.fsis.usda.gov/","topics":["meat inspection","poultry","food safety","recalls"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Food Safety and Inspection Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/food-safety-and-inspection-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Food Safety and Inspection Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/food-safety-and-inspection-service"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.aphis","name":"Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","acronym":"APHIS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) protects and promotes U.S. agricultural health, regulates genetically engineered organisms, administers the Animal Welfare Act, and manages wildlife damage.","description":"The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service was reestablished by the Secretary of Agriculture on March 14, 1977, pursuant to authority contained in 5 U.S.C. 301 and Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 U.S.C. app.).\n\nThe Service was established to conduct regulatory and control programs to protect and improve animal and plant health for the benefit of man and the environment. In cooperation with State governments, the agency administers Federal laws and regulations pertaining to animal and plant health and quarantine, humane treatment of animals, and the control and eradication of pests and diseases. Regulations to prevent the introduction or interstate spread of certain animal or plant pests or diseases are also enforced by the Service. It also carries out research and operational activities to reduce crop and livestock depredation caused by birds, rodents, and predators.","head_title":"Administrator of APHIS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/home/","topics":["animal health","plant pests","invasive species","animal welfare"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/animal-and-plant-health-inspection-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/animal-and-plant-health-inspection-service"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.ams","name":"Agricultural Marketing Service","acronym":"AMS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) supports the fair marketing of U.S. agricultural products.","description":"The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) was established by the Secretary of Agriculture on April 2, 1972, under the authority of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 U.S.C. app.) and other authorities. The Service administers standardization, grading, certification, market news, marketing orders, research and promotion, and regulatory programs.\n\nThe Agricultural Marketing Service includes five commodity programs--Dairy, Fruit and Vegetable, Livestock and Seed, Poultry, and Cotton and Tobacco. The programs provide standardization, grading and market news services for those commodities. They enforce such Federal Laws as the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act and the Federal Seed Act. AMS commodity programs also oversee marketing agreements and orders, administer research and promotion programs, and purchase commodities for Federal food programs.\n\nThe AMS National Organic Program (NOP) develops, implements, and administers national production, handling, and labeling standards for organic agricultural products. The NOP also accredits the certifying agents (foreign and domestic) who inspect organic production and handling operations to certify that they meet USDA standards.\n\nThe AMS Science and Technology Program lends centralized scientific support to AMS programs, including laboratory analyses, laboratory quality assurance, coordination of scientific research conducted by other agencies for AMS, and statistical and mathematical consulting services.\n\nThe AMS Transportation and Marketing Program brings together a unique combination of traffic managers, engineers, rural policy analysts, international trade specialists, and agricultural marketing specialists to help solve problems of U.S. and world agricultural transportation., provides better quality products to the consumer at reasonable cost, improves market access for growers with small-to medium sized farms, and promotes regional economic development.\n\nAMS is part of the Marketing and Regulatory Programs (MRP) mission area. MRP agencies facilitate the domestic and international marketing of U.S. agricultural products and ensure the health and care of animals and plants. MRP agencies are active participants in setting national and international standards.","head_title":"Administrator of AMS","established":{"year":1972,"authority":"The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) was established by the Secretary of Agriculture on April 2, 1972, under the authority of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 U.S.C. app.) and other authorities.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/","topics":["organic","food grading","commodity markets"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Agricultural Marketing Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/agricultural-marketing-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Agricultural Marketing Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/agricultural-marketing-service"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.ars","name":"Agricultural Research Service","acronym":"ARS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) works to find solutions to agricultural problems.","description":"The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) was established on November 2, 1953 under the Secretary of Agriculture’s Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953. ARS is the principal in-house research agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).\n\nARS conducts research to develop and transfer solutions to agricultural problems of high national priority. It provides information access and dissemination to ensure high-quality safe food and other agricultural products; assess the nutritional needs of Americans; sustain a competitive agricultural economy; enhance the natural resource base and the environment; and provide economic opportunities for rural citizens, communities, and society as a whole.\n\nResearch activities are carried out at 103 domestic locations (including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands) and 5 overseas locations. Much of this research is conducted in cooperation with partners in State universities and experiment stations, other Federal agencies, and private organizations. National Programs, headquartered in Beltsville, MD, is the focal point in the overall planning and coordination of ARS' research programs. Day-to-day management of the respective programs for specific field locations is assigned to eight area offices.\n\nARS also includes the National Agricultural Library (NAL), which is the primary resource in the United States for information about food, agriculture, and natural resources, and serves as an electronic gateway to a widening array of scientific literature, printed text, and agricultural images. NAL serves USDA and a broad customer base including policymakers, agricultural specialists, research scientists, and the general public. NAL works with other agricultural libraries and institutions to advance open and democratic access to information about agriculture and the Nation's agricultural knowledge.","head_title":"Administrator of ARS","established":{"year":1953,"authority":"The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) was established on November 2, 1953 under the Secretary of Agriculture’s Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.ars.usda.gov/","topics":["agricultural research","science"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Agricultural Research Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/agricultural-research-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Agricultural Research Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/agricultural-research-service"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.ers","name":"Economic Research Service","acronym":"ERS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Economic Research Service (ERS) provides the Department of Agriculture and the public economic information and research on food, agriculture, the environment and rural development.","description":"The mission of the Economic Research Service (ERS) is to inform and enhance public and private decisionmaking on economic and policy issues related to agriculture, food, the environment, and rural development.\n\nActivities to support this mission and the following goals involve research and development of economic and statistical indicators on a broad range of topics including, but not limited to, global agricultural market conditions, trade restrictions, agribusiness concentration, farm and retail food prices, foodborne illnesses, food labeling, nutrition, food assistance programs, worker safety, agrichemical usage, livestock waste management, conservation, sustainability, genetic diversity, technology transfer, rural infrastructure, and rural employment. Research results and economic indicators on such important agricultural, food, natural resource, and rural issues are fully disseminated to public and private decisionmakers through published and electronic reports and articles; special staff analyses, briefings, presentations, and papers; databases; and individual contacts. Through such activities, ERS provides public and private decisionmakers with economic and related social science information and analysis in support of the department's goals of enhancing economic opportunities for agricultural producers; supporting economic opportunities and quality of life in rural America; enhancing the protection and safety of U.S. agriculture and food; improving U.S. nutrition and health; and enhancing the natural resource base and environment.","head_title":"Administrator of ERS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.ers.usda.gov/","topics":["farm economy","food prices","research"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Economic Research Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/economic-research-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Economic Research Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/economic-research-service"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.nass","name":"National Agricultural Statistics Service","acronym":"NASS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) studies and provides the market with detailed information about U.S. agriculture.","description":"The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) prepares estimates and reports on production, supply, price, chemical use, and other items necessary for the orderly operation of the U.S. agricultural economy.\n\nThe reports include statistics on field crops, fruits and vegetables, dairy, cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry, aquaculture, and related commodities or processed products. Other estimates concern farm numbers, farm production expenditures, agricultural chemical use, prices received by farmers for products sold, prices paid for commodities and services, indexes of prices received and paid, parity prices, farm employment, and farm wage rates.\n\nThe Service prepares these estimates through a complex system of sample surveys of producers, processors, buyers, and others associated with agriculture. Information is gathered by mail, telephone, personal interviews, and field visits.\n\nNASS is responsible for conducting the Census of Agriculture. The Census of Agriculture is taken every 5 years and provides comprehensive data on the agricultural economy down to the county level. Periodic reports are also issued on aquacultures, irrigation, and horticultural specialties.\n\nThe Service performs reimbursable survey work and statistical consulting services for other Federal and State agencies and provides technical assistance for developing agricultural data systems in other countries.","head_title":"Administrator of NASS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.nass.usda.gov","topics":["census of agriculture","farm statistics","crop reports"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Agricultural Statistics Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-agricultural-statistics-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Agricultural Statistics Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-agricultural-statistics-service"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.nifa","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","acronym":"NIFA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is a research and grant-making organization focused on agriculture.","description":"The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), part of the executive branch of the Federal Government. Congress created NIFA through the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008. NIFA replaced the former Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES), which had been in existence since 1994.","head_title":"Director of NIFA","established":{"year":2008,"authority":"Congress created NIFA through the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"http://www.nifa.usda.gov","topics":["extension","land-grant universities","research grants","4-H"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute of Food and Agriculture","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-food-and-agriculture"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Institute of Food and Agriculture","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-food-and-agriculture"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.fsa","name":"Farm Service Agency","acronym":"FSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Farm Service Agency (FSA) supports farms and farming communities with programs including disaster relief, conservation programs, commodity price guarantee programs, and loan programs.","description":"The Farm Service Agency (FSA) administers farm commodity, disaster, and conservation programs for farmers and ranchers, and makes and guarantees farm emergency, ownership, and operating loans through a network of State and county offices.","head_title":"Administrator of the Farm Service Agency","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.fsa.usda.gov/","topics":["farm loans","commodity programs","farm disaster aid"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Farm Service Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/farm-service-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Farm Service Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/farm-service-agency"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.nrcs","name":"Natural Resources Conservation Service","acronym":"NRCS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) works with landowners for conservation planning and assistance to foster healthy ecosystems.","description":"The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NCRS) was originally established by Congress in 1935 as the Soil Conservation Service (SCS), NRCS has expanded to become a conservation leader for all natural resources, ensuring private lands are conserved, restored, and more resilient to environmental challenges, like climate change. NRCS works with landowners through conservation planning and assistance designed to benefit the soil, water, air, plants, and animals that result in productive lands and healthy ecosystems.","head_title":"Chief of NRCS","established":{"year":1935,"authority":"The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NCRS) was originally established by Congress in 1935 as the Soil Conservation Service (SCS), NRCS has expanded to become a conservation leader for all natural resources, ensuring private lands are conserved, restored, and more resilient to environmental challenges, like climate change.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/","topics":["soil conservation","conservation","private lands"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Natural Resources Conservation Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/natural-resources-conservation-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Natural Resources Conservation Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/natural-resources-conservation-service"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.rma","name":"Risk Management Agency","acronym":"RMA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Risk Management Agency (RMA) administers the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and provides risk management information and services to farmers and producers.","description":"The role of USDA's Risk Management Agency (RMA) is to help producers manage their business risks through effective, market-based risk management solutions. RMA's mission is to promote, support, and regulate sound risk management solutions to preserve and strengthen the economic stability of America's agricultural producers. As part of this mission, RMA operates and manages the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC). RMA was created in 1996; the FCIC was founded in 1938.","head_title":"Administrator of the Risk Management Agency","established":{"year":1996,"authority":"RMA was created in 1996; the FCIC was founded in 1938.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"http://www.rma.usda.gov/","topics":["crop insurance"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Risk Management Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/risk-management-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Risk Management Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/risk-management-agency"}],"order":11,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.rma.fcic","name":"Federal Crop Insurance Corporation","acronym":"FCIC","aliases":[],"type":"government-corporation","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture.rma","summary":"The Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) promotes the economic stability of agriculture through a sound system of crop insurance and providing the means for the research and experience helpful in devising and establishing such insurance.","description":"The Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) promotes the economic stability of agriculture through a sound system of crop insurance and providing the means for the research and experience helpful in devising and establishing such insurance. Management is vested in a Board of Directors, subject to the general supervision of the Secretary of Agriculture.\n\nThe corporation takes actions necessary to improve the actuarial soundness of Federal multiperil crop insurance coverage, and apply the system to all insured producers in a fair and consistent manner.","head_title":"Manager of the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.rma.usda.gov/","topics":["crop insurance"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Crop Insurance Corporation","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-crop-insurance-corporation"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.ccc","name":"Commodity Credit Corporation","acronym":"CCC","aliases":[],"type":"government-corporation","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a Government-owned and operated entity that was created to stabilize, support, and protect farm income and prices.","description":"The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a Government-owned and operated entity that was created to stabilize, support, and protect farm income and prices. CCC also helps maintain balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural commodities and aids in their orderly distribution.\n\nThe Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) was originally incorporated October 17, 1933, under a Delaware charter with a capitalization of $3 million. It was initially managed and operated in close affiliation with the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, which funded its operations. On July 1, 1939, CCC was transferred to the U.S. Department of Agriculture and later reincorporated under the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (62 Stat.1070; 15 U.S.C. 714) on July 1, 1948 as a Federal corporation within the USDA.\n\nThe CCC stabilizes, supports, and protects farm income and prices, assists in maintaining balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural commodities and their products, and facilitates the orderly distribution of commodities.\n\nCCC also carries out assigned foreign assistance activities, such as guaranteeing the credit sale of U.S. agricultural commodities abroad. Major emphasis is also being directed toward meeting the needs of developing nations. Agricultural commodities are supplied and exported to combat hunger and malnutrition and to encourage economic development in developing countries. In addition, under the Food for Progress Program, CCC supplies commodities to provide assistance to developing democracies.","head_title":null,"established":{"year":1933,"authority":"The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) was originally incorporated October 17, 1933, under a Delaware charter with a capitalization of $3 million.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.fsa.usda.gov/","topics":["commodity price support","farm programs"],"note":"Many CCC programs are administered through the Farm Service Agency and other USDA agencies.","sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Commodity Credit Corporation","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/commodity-credit-corporation"}],"order":12,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.fas","name":"Foreign Agricultural Service","acronym":"FAS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) helps bring U.S. agricultural products to international markets by providing resource and market intelligence assistance to exporters. The Foreign Agricultural Service also assists in the administration of foreign food aid, including helping to boost the agricultural capabilities of aid recipients.","description":"The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) works to improve foreign market access for U.S. products, to build new markets, to improve the competitive position of U.S. agriculture in the global marketplace, and to provide food aid and technical assistance to foreign countries.\n\nFAS has the primary responsibility for USDA's activities in the areas of international marketing, trade agreements and negotiations, and the collection and analysis of international statistics and market information. It also administers the USDA's export credit guarantee and food aid programs. FAS helps increase income and food availability in developing nations by mobilizing expertise for agriculturally led economic growth.\n\nFAS also enhances U.S. agricultural competitiveness through a global network of agricultural economists, marketing experts, negotiators, and other specialists. FAS agricultural counselors, attaches, trade officers, and locally employed FAS staff stationed in over 90 countries support U.S. agricultural interests and cover 140 countries.\n\nIn addition to agricultural affairs offices in U.S. embassies, agricultural trade offices also have been established in a number of key foreign markets and function as service centers for U.S. exporters and foreign buyers seeking market information.\n\nReports prepared by our overseas offices cover changes in policies and other developments that could affect U.S. agricultural exports. FAS staff in U.S. embassies around the world assess U.S. export marketing opportunities and respond to the daily informational needs of those who develop, initiate, monitor, and evaluate U.S. food and agricultural policies and programs.\n\nIn addition to data collection, FAS also maintains a worldwide agricultural reporting system based on information from U.S. agricultural traders, remote sensing systems, and other sources. Analysts in Washington, DC, prepare production forecasts, assess export marketing opportunities, and track changes in policies affecting U.S. agricultural exports and imports.\n\nFAS programs help U.S. exporters develop and maintain markets for hundreds of food and agricultural products, from bulk commodities to brand name items. Formal market promotion activities are carried out chiefly in cooperation with agricultural trade associations, State-regional trade groups, small businesses, and cooperatives that plan, manage, and contribute staff resources and funds to support these efforts. FAS also provides guidance to help exporters locate buyers and provides assistance through a variety of other methods. This includes supporting U.S. participation in several major trade shows and a number of single-industry exhibitions each year.","head_title":"Administrator of FAS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.fas.usda.gov/","topics":["agricultural exports","trade","food aid"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Foreign Agricultural Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/foreign-agricultural-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Foreign Agricultural Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/foreign-agricultural-service"}],"order":13,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd","name":"Rural Development","acronym":"RD","aliases":[],"type":"mission-area","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"Rural Development offers loans, grants and loan guarantees to support essential services such as housing, economic development, health care, first responder services and equipment, and water, electric and communications infrastructure.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary for Rural Development","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.rd.usda.gov/","topics":["rural","rural housing","rural utilities","broadband"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Rural Development","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/rural-development"}],"order":14,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd.rhs","name":"Rural Housing Service","acronym":"RHS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd","summary":"The Rural Housing Service provides grants and loans for housing and community facilities in rural areas of the U.S.","description":"The Rural Housing Service (RHS) provides affordable rental housing, homeownership opportunities, and essential community facilities to rural Americans through a broad array of direct loan, guarantee, and grant programs. Rural residents and communities may inquire about any of these programs through local and State rural development offices.","head_title":"Administrator of RHS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.rd.usda.gov/about-rd/agencies/rural-housing-service","topics":["rural housing","home loans"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Rural Housing Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/rural-housing-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Rural Housing Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/rural-housing-service"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd.rbs","name":"Rural Business-Cooperative Service","acronym":"RBS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd","summary":"Rural Business-Cooperative Service provides support for rural businesses, usually through grants and loans.","description":"The mission of the Rural Business-Cooperative Service (RBS) is to enhance the quality of life for all rural Americans by providing leadership in building competitive businesses and sustainable cooperatives that can prosper in the global marketplace. To meet business credit needs in under-served areas, RBS business programs are usually leveraged with commercial, cooperative, or other private sector lenders.","head_title":"Administrator of RBCS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.rd.usda.gov/about-rd/agencies/rural-business-cooperative-service","topics":["rural business","cooperatives"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Rural Business-Cooperative Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/rural-business-and-cooperative-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Rural Business-Cooperative Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/rural-business-cooperative-service"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd.rus","name":"Rural Utilities Service","acronym":"RUS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture.rd","summary":"The Rural Utilities Service (RUS) provides funding for the development of rural utilities infrastructure such as water, waste management, power and telecommunications.","description":"The Rural Utilities Service (RUS) is a credit agency that assists rural electric and telecommunications utilities in obtaining financing and administers a nationwide water and waste loan and grant program to improve the quality of life and promote economic development in rural America. A total of 890 rural electric and 800 rural telecommunications utilities in 47 States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Federated States of Micronesia have received financial assistance. Approximately 7,200 rural communities are currently served through financial assistance received from water and waste loans and grants.","head_title":"Administrator of RUS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.rd.usda.gov/about-rd/agencies/rural-utilities-service","topics":["electricity","water","broadband","telecommunications"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Rural Utilities Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/rural-utilities-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Rural Utilities Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/rural-utilities-service"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.nal","name":"National Agricultural Library","acronym":"NAL","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The National Agricultural Library (NAL) is the main source of information and research on agriculture.","description":"The National Agricultural Library (NAL), part of the Agricultural Research Service, is the primary resource in the United States for information about food, agriculture, and natural resources, and serves as an electronic gateway to a widening array of scientific literature, printed text, and agricultural images. NAL serves USDA and a broad customer base including policymakers, agricultural specialists, research scientists, and the general public. NAL works with other agricultural libraries and institutions to advance open and democratic access to information about agriculture and the Nation's agricultural knowledge.","head_title":"Director of NAL","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"https://www.nal.usda.gov/","topics":["library","agricultural information"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Agricultural Library","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-agricultural-library"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Agricultural Library","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-agricultural-library"}],"order":15,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.agriculture.oig","name":"Office of Inspector General, Department of Agriculture","acronym":"USDA OIG","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.agriculture","summary":"The Office of Inspector General was legislatively established in 1978 with the enactment of the Inspector General Act (Public Law 95-452).","description":"The Office of Inspector General was legislatively established in 1978 with the enactment of the Inspector General Act (Public Law 95-452). The act requires the Inspector General to independently and objectively perform audits and investigations of the Department's programs and operations; work with the Department's management team in activities that promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness or that prevent and detect fraud and abuse in programs and operations, both within USDA and in non-Federal entities that receive USDA assistance. The Office also reports OIG activities to the Secretary and the U.S. Congress semiannually as of march 31 and September 30 each year.","head_title":"Inspector General","established":{"year":1978,"authority":"The Office of Inspector General was legislatively established in 1978 with the enactment of the Inspector General Act (Public Law 95-452).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Agriculture"},"website":"http://www.usda.gov/oig/index.htm","topics":["inspector general","oversight"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Inspector General Office, Agriculture Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/inspector-general-office-agriculture-department"}],"order":16,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.commerce","name":"Department of Commerce","acronym":"DOC","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Commerce (DOC) works with businesses, universities, communities, and the Nation’s workers to promote job creation, economic growth, sustainable development, and improved standards of living for Americans.","description":"The Department of Commerce encourages, serves, and promotes the Nation's international trade, economic growth, and technological advancement. The Department provides a wide variety of programs through the competitive free enterprise system. It offers assistance and information to increase America's competitiveness in the world economy; administers programs to prevent unfair foreign trade competition; provides social and economic statistics and analyses for business and government planners; provides research and support for the increased use of scientific, engineering, and technological development; works to improve our understanding and benefits of the Earth's physical environment and oceanic resources; grants patents and registers trademarks; develops policies and conducts research on telecommunications; provides assistance to promote domestic economic development; and assists in the growth of minority businesses.","head_title":"Secretary of Commerce","established":{"year":1903,"authority":"Act of February 14, 1903 (as the Department of Commerce and Labor); became the Department of Commerce on March 4, 1913"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Energy and Commerce","Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.commerce.gov/","topics":["trade","business","census","weather","patents","trademarks","standards","oceans","economy"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Commerce","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-commerce"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Commerce Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/commerce-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":6,"cabinet_rank":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Commerce.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Commerce.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of Commerce.","wikidata":"Q503577","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.census","name":"U.S. Census Bureau","acronym":"USCB","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The U.S. Census Bureau provides data about the nation's people and economy.","description":"The U.S.Census Bureau was established as a permanent office by act of March 6, 1902 (32 Stat. 51). The major functions of the Census Bureau are authorized by the Constitution, which provides that a census of population shall be taken every 10 years, and by laws codified as title 13 of the United States Code. The law also provides that the information collected by the Census Bureau from individual persons, households, or establishments be kept strictly confidential and be used only for statistical purposes.\n\nThe Census Bureau is responsible for the the decennial censuses of population and housing; the quinquennial censuses of State and local governments, manufacturers, mineral industries, distributive trades, construction industries, and transportation; current surveys that provide information on many of the subjects covered in the censuses at monthly, quarterly, annual, or other intervals; the compilation of current statistics on U.S. foreign trade, including data on imports, exports, and shipping; special censuses at the request and expense of State and local government units; publication of estimates and projections of the population; publication of current data on population and housing characteristics; and current reports on manufacturing, retail and wholesale trade, services, construction, imports and exports, State and local government finances and employment, and other subjects.","head_title":"Director of the Census Bureau","established":{"year":1902,"authority":"Made a permanent office by act of March 6, 1902 (the decennial census itself is required by Article I of the Constitution)"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.census.gov/","topics":["census","population","demographics","statistics","american community survey"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Census Bureau","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-census-bureau"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Census Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/census-bureau"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-census.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Census Bureau.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Census_Bureau.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original:  United States Bureau of the Census Vector:  Mysid","wikidata":"Q637413","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.bea","name":"Bureau of Economic Analysis","acronym":"BEA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) produces economic accounts statistics that enable government and business decision makers, researchers, and the American public to follow and understand the performance of the Nation's economy.","description":"The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) promotes a better understanding of the U.S. economy by providing the most timely, relevant, and accurate economic accounts data in an objective and cost-effective manner. BEA's economic statistics are closely watched and provide a comprehensive picture of the U.S. economy. BEA prepares national, regional, industry, and international accounts that present essential information on such issues in the world economy.\n\nBEA's national economic statistics provide a comprehensive look at U.S. production, consumption, investment, exports and imports, and income and saving. The international transactions accounts provide information on trade in goods and services (including the balance of payments and trade), investment income, and government and private finances. In addition, the accounts measure the value of U.S. international assets and liabilities and direct investment by multinational companies.\n\nThe regional accounts provide data on total and per capita personal income by region, State, metropolitan area, and county, and on gross State product. The industry economic account provides a detailed view of the interrelationships between U.S. producers and users and the contribution to production across industries.","head_title":"Director of BEA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.bea.gov/","topics":["GDP","economic statistics","trade balance"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Economic Analysis","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-economic-analysis"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Economic Analysis Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/economic-analysis-bureau"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa","name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","acronym":"NOAA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) works to understand and predict changes in climate, weather, oceans, and coasts. Their work supports severe weather preparedness, and international shipping.","description":"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was formed on October 3, 1970, by Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1970 (5 U.S.C. app.).\n\nNOAA's mission entails environmental assessment, prediction, and stewardship. It is dedicated to monitoring and assessing the state of the environment in order to make accurate and timely forecasts to protect life, property, and natural resources, as well as to promote the economic well-being of the United States and to enhance its environmental security. NOAA is committed to protecting America's ocean, coastal, and living marine resources while promoting sustainable economic development.","head_title":"Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere (NOAA Administrator)","established":{"year":1970,"authority":"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was formed on October 3, 1970, by Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1970 (5 U.S.C. app.).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.noaa.gov/","topics":["weather","climate","oceans","fisheries","hurricanes","satellites"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administration"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-noaa.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"NOAA logo.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NOAA_logo.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","wikidata":"Q214700","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa.nws","name":"National Weather Service","acronym":"NWS","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa","summary":"The National Weather Service provides weather, water, and climate forecasts and data.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the National Weather Service","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.weather.gov/","topics":["weather","forecasts","warnings","storms"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Weather Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-weather-service"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-noaa-nws.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"US-NationalWeatherService-Logo.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-NationalWeatherService-Logo.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Vector:  Clindberg","wikidata":"Q1066823","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa.nmfs","name":"National Marine Fisheries Service","acronym":"NMFS","aliases":["NOAA Fisheries"],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa","summary":"NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service, is responsible for the management, conservation, and protection of living marine resources within about 200 miles of the U.S. coast.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Administrator for Fisheries","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/","topics":["fisheries","marine mammals","fishing"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Marine Fisheries Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/noaa-fisheries"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa.nos","name":"National Ocean Service","acronym":"NOS","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce.noaa","summary":"The National Ocean Service (NOS) provides data, tools, and services that support coastal economies and their contribution to the national economy.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Administrator for Ocean Services","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/","topics":["coasts","nautical charts","tides"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Ocean Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-ocean-service"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.nist","name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","acronym":"NIST","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life.","description":"The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) operates under the authority of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271), which amends the Organic Act of March 3, 1901 (ch. 872), that created the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1901. In 1988, Congress renamed NBS as NIST and expanded its activities and responsibilities. NIST is a nonregulatory Federal agency within the Commerce Department. Its mission is to promote measurement science, standards, and technology to enhance productivity, facilitate trade, and improve the quality of life. NIST carries out its mission through the NIST laboratories, which conduct research to advance the U.S. technological infrastructure; the Baldrige National Quality Program, which helps U.S. businesses and other organizations improve the performance and quality of their operations; the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, which helps smaller firms adopt new manufacturing and management technologies; and the Technology Innovative Program, which provides cost-shared awards to industry and other institutions for high-risk, high-reward research in areas of critical national need.","head_title":"Director of NIST","established":{"year":1901,"authority":"Act of March 3, 1901 (as the National Bureau of Standards)"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.nist.gov/","topics":["standards","measurement","cybersecurity framework","time"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute of Standards and Technology","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-standards-and-technology"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Institute of Standards and Technology","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-standards-and-technology"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.uspto","name":"U.S. Patent and Trademark Office","acronym":"USPTO","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is the agency responsible for granting U.S. patents and registering trademarks.","description":"The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) was established by the act of July 19, 1952 (35 U.S.C. 1) \"to promote the progress of science and the useful arts by securing for limited times to inventors the exclusive right to their respective discoveries for a certain period of time'' (Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution). The registration of trademarks is based on the commerce clause of the U.S. Constitution. USPTO examines and issues patents. There are three major patent categories: utility patents, design patents, and plant patents. USPTO also issues statutory invention registrations and processes international patent applications. Through the registration of trademarks, USPTO assists businesses in protecting their investments, promoting goods and services, and safeguarding consumers against confusion and deception in the marketplace. A trademark includes any distinctive word, name, symbol, device, or any combination thereof adopted and used or intended to be used by a manufacturer or merchant to identify his goods or services and distinguish them from those manufactured or sold by others. Trademarks are examined by the Office for compliance with various statutory requirements to prevent unfair competition and consumer deception. In addition to the examination of patent and trademark applications, issuance of patents, and registration of trademarks, USPTO advises and assists government agencies and officials in matters involving all domestic and global aspects of intellectual property. USPTO also promotes an understanding of intellectual property protection.","head_title":"Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the USPTO","established":{"year":1952,"authority":"The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) was established by the act of July 19, 1952 (35 U.S.C. 1) \"to promote the progress of science and the useful arts by securing for limited times to inventors the exclusive right to their respective discoveries for a certain period of time'' (Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.uspto.gov/","topics":["patents","trademarks","intellectual property","inventions"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-patent-and-trademark-office"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Patent and Trademark Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/patent-and-trademark-office"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-uspto.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Patent and Trademark Office.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. government","wikidata":"Q1459541","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.ita","name":"International Trade Administration","acronym":"ITA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The International Trade Administration (ITA) promotes U.S. exports by providing diplomatic support, helping to shape trade policy, removing trade barriers, and enforcing U.S. trade laws and agreements.","description":"The International Trade Administration (ITA) was established on January 2, 1980, by the Secretary of Commerce to promote world trade and to strengthen the international trade and investment position of the United States. ITA is responsible for nonagricultural trade operations of the U.S. Government and supports the trade policy negotiation efforts of the U.S. Trade Representative.\n\nITA strengthens the competitiveness of U.S. industry, promotes trade and investment, and ensures fair trade through the rigorous enforcement of our trade laws and agreements. ITA works to improve the global business environment and helps U.S. organizations compete at home and abroad.","head_title":"Under Secretary for International Trade","established":{"year":1980,"authority":"The International Trade Administration (ITA) was established on January 2, 1980, by the Secretary of Commerce to promote world trade and to strengthen the international trade and investment position of the United States.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.trade.gov/","topics":["exports","trade","tariffs","antidumping"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: International Trade Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/international-trade-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: International Trade Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/international-trade-administration"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-ita.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-InternationalTradeAdministration-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-InternationalTradeAdministration-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q6054002","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.bis","name":"Bureau of Industry and Security","acronym":"BIS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) promotes the nation’s economic development and technological advancement by ensuring an effective export control and treaty compliance system.","description":"The mission of the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is to advance U.S. national security, foreign policy, and economic objectives by ensuring an effective export control and treaty compliance system and promoting continued U.S. strategic technology leadership. BIS activities include regulating the export of sensitive goods and technologies in an effective and efficient manner; enforcing export control, antiboycott, and public safety laws; cooperating with and assisting other countries on export control and strategic trade issues; assisting U.S. industry to comply with international arms control agreements; and monitoring the viability of the U.S. defense industrial base and seeking to ensure that it is capable of satisfying U.S. national and homeland security needs.","head_title":"Under Secretary for Industry and Security","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.bis.doc.gov/","topics":["export controls","national security","dual-use technology"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Industry and Security","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-industry-and-security"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Industry and Security Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/industry-and-security-bureau"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-bis.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-DOC-BureauOfIndustryAndSecurity-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-DOC-BureauOfIndustryAndSecurity-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q455289","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.eda","name":"Economic Development Administration","acronym":"EDA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The Economic Development Administration (EDA) provides grants to economically distressed communities to generate new employment, and stimulate industrial and commercial growth.","description":"The Economic Development Administration (EDA) was created in 1965 under the Public Works and Economic Development Act (42 U.S.C. 3121) as part of an effort to target Federal resources to economically distressed areas and to help develop local economies in the United States. It was mandated to assist rural and urban communities that were outside the mainstream economy and that lagged in economic development, industrial growth, and personal income.\n\nEDA provides grants to States, regions, and communities across the Nation to help create wealth and minimize poverty by promoting a favorable business environment to attract private capital investment and higher skill, higher wage jobs through capacity building, planning, infrastructure, research grants, and strategic initiatives. Through its grant program, EDA utilizes public sector resources to create an environment where the private sector risks capital and job opportunities are created.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Economic Development","established":{"year":1965,"authority":"The Economic Development Administration (EDA) was created in 1965 under the Public Works and Economic Development Act (42 U.S.C. 3121) as part of an effort to target Federal resources to economically distressed areas and to help develop local economies in the United States.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.eda.gov/","topics":["economic development","grants","regional development"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Economic Development Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/economic-development-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Economic Development Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/economic-development-administration"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-eda.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Economic Development Administration.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Economic_Development_Administration.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q5333366","property":"commons-filename"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.ntia","name":"National Telecommunications and Information Administration","acronym":"NTIA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) manages federal spectrum use, makes grants to develop and deploy broadband internet, conducts telecommunications research, and advises the president on telecommunications and information policy issues.","description":"The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) was established in 1978 by Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1977 (5 U.S.C. app.) and Executive Order 12046 of March 27, 1978 (3 CFR, 1978 Comp., p. 158), by combining the Office of Telecommunications Policy of the Executive Office of the President and the Office of Telecommunications of the Department of Commerce to form a new agency reporting to the Secretary of Commerce. NTIA operates under the authority of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration Organization Act (47 U.S.C. 901). NTIA's principal responsibilities and functions include: --serving as the principal executive branch adviser to the President on telecommunications and information policy; --developing and presenting U.S. plans and policies at international communications conferences and related meetings; --prescribing policies for and managing Federal use of the radio frequency spectrum; --serving as the principal Federal telecommunications research and engineering laboratory, through NTIA's Institute for Telecommunication Sciences, headquartered in Boulder, CO; --administering Federal programs to assist telecommunication facilities, public safety organizations, and the general public with the transition to digital broadcasting; --providing grants through the Broadband Technology Opportunities Program to increase broadband accessibility in underserved areas of the United States; and --providing grants through the Public Telecommunications Facilities Program to extend delivery or public telecommunications services to U.S. citizens, to increase ownership and management by women and minorities, and to strengthen the capabilities of existing public broadcasting stations to provide telecommunications services.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information","established":{"year":1978,"authority":"The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) was established in 1978 by Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1977 (5 U.S.C. app.) and Executive Order 12046 of March 27, 1978 (3 CFR, 1978 Comp., p. 158), by combining the Office of Telecommunications Policy of the Executive Office of the President and the Office of Telecommunications of the Department of Commerce to form a new agency reporting to the Secretary of Commerce.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"http://www.ntia.doc.gov/","topics":["broadband","spectrum","internet policy","telecommunications"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Telecommunications and Information Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-telecommunications-and-information-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Telecommunications and Information Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-telecommunications-and-information-administration"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-commerce-ntia.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"US-NationalTelecommunicationsAndInformationAdministration-Logo.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-NationalTelecommunicationsAndInformationAdministration-Logo.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q6978888","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.mbda","name":"Minority Business Development Agency","acronym":"MBDA","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) promotes the growth of minority owned and operated businesses.","description":"The Minority Business Development Agency was established by Executive order in 1969. The Agency develops and coordinates a national program for minority business enterprise.\n\nThe Agency was created to assist minority businesses in achieving effective and equitable participation in the American free enterprise system and in overcoming social and economic disadvantages that have limited their participation in the past. The Agency provides national policies and leadership in forming and strengthening a partnership of business, industry, and government with the Nation's minority businesses.\n\nBusiness development services are provided to the minority business community through three vehicles: the minority business opportunity committees which disseminate information on business opportunities; the minority business development centers that provide management and technical assistance and other business development services; and electronic commerce which includes a Web page on the Internet that will show how to start a business and use the service to electronically match business with contract opportunities.\n\nThe Agency promotes and coordinates the efforts of other Federal agencies in assisting or providing market opportunities for minority business. It coordinates opportunities for minority firms in the private sector. Through such public and private cooperative activities, the Agency promotes the participation of Federal, State, and local governments, and business and industry in directing resources for the development of strong minority businesses.","head_title":"Under Secretary for Minority Business Development","established":{"year":1969,"authority":"The Minority Business Development Agency was established by Executive order in 1969.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.mbda.gov/","topics":["minority-owned businesses"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Minority Business Development Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/minority-business-development-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Minority Business Development Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/minority-business-development-agency"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.commerce.ntis","name":"National Technical Information Service","acronym":"NTIS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.commerce","summary":"The National Technical Information Service (NTIS) provides businesses, universities, and the public access to government-funded scientific, engineering, technical, and business related information.","description":"The National Technical Information Service (NTIS) operates a central clearinghouse of scientific and technical information that is useful to U.S. business and industry. NTIS collects scientific and technical information; catalogs, abstracts, indexes, and permanently archives the information; disseminates products in the forms and formats most useful to its customers; develops electronic and other media to disseminate information; and provides information processing services to other Federal agencies. NTIS receives no appropriations. Its revenue comes from two sources: the sale of technical reports to business and industry, schools and universities, State and local government offices, and the public at large and from services to Federal agencies that help them communicate more effectively with their employees and constituents. The NTIS collection of approximately 2.5 million works covers a broad array of subjects and includes reports on the results of research and development and scientific studies on manufacturing processes, current events, and foreign and domestic trade; business and management studies; social, economic, and trade statistics; computer software and databases; health care reports, manuals, and data; environmental handbooks, regulations, economic studies, and applied technologies; directories to Federal laboratory and technical resources; and global competitive intelligence. The collection also includes audiovisual training materials in such areas as foreign languages, workplace safety and health, law enforcement, and fire services.","head_title":"Director of NTIS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Commerce"},"website":"https://www.ntis.gov/","topics":["federal data","technical information"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Technical Information Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-technical-information-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Technical Information Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-technical-information-service"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor","name":"Department of Labor","acronym":"DOL","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Labor (DOL) administers federal labor laws to guarantee workers' rights to fair, safe, and healthy working conditions, including minimum hourly wage and overtime pay, protection against employment discrimination, and unemployment insurance.","description":"The Department of Labor (DOL) was created by act of March 4, 1913 (29 U.S.C. 551). A Bureau of Labor was first created by Congress by act of June 24, 1884, in the Interior Department. The Bureau of Labor later became independent as a Department of Labor without executive rank by act of June 13, 1888. It again returned to bureau status in the Department of Commerce and Labor, which was created by act of February 14, 1903 (15 U.S.C. 1501; 29 U.S.C. 1 note).\n\nThe Department of Labor fosters and promotes the welfare of the job seekers, wage earners, and retirees of the United States, by improving their working conditions, advancing their opportunities for profitable employment, protecting their retirement and health care benefits, helping employers find workers, strengthening free collective bargaining, and tracking changes in employment, prices, and other national economic measurements. In carrying out this mission, the Department administers a variety of Federal labor laws including those that guarantee workers' rights to safe and healthful working conditions; a minimum hourly wage and overtime pay; freedom from employment discrimination; unemployment insurance; and other income support.","head_title":"Secretary of Labor","established":{"year":1913,"authority":"Act of March 4, 1913 (29 U.S.C. 551)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Education and the Workforce","Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/","topics":["jobs","workers","wages","minimum wage","workplace safety","unemployment","pensions","employment statistics"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Labor","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-labor"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Labor Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/labor-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":7,"cabinet_rank":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-labor.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Labor.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Department of Labor","wikidata":"Q628807","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.labor.osha","name":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration","acronym":"OSHA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) assures safe and healthful working conditions by setting and enforcing standards, and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance.","description":"The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created pursuant to the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.). By concentrating on four areas: (1) firm enforcement of workplace safety and health rules; (2) swift promulgation of strong, protective health and safety standards; (3) increased outreach and help for workers and their employers in their efforts to eliminate and control workplace hazards; and (4) partnership with the States that are running their own OSHA-approved programs. OSHA sets and enforces workplace safety and health standards and assists employers in complying with those standards.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health","established":{"year":1971,"authority":"Created under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970; began operating in 1971"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.osha.gov/","topics":["workplace safety","OSHA","injuries","hazards"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Occupational Safety and Health Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/occupational-safety-and-health-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Occupational Safety and Health Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/occupational-safety-and-health-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.whd","name":"Wage and Hour Division","acronym":"WHD","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Wage and Hour Division (WHD) is responsible for enforcing the country's labor laws, including those related to the minimum wage and employment of minors.","description":"The Wage and Hour Division is responsible for planning, directing, and administering programs dealing with a variety of Federal labor legislation. These programs are designed to protect low-wage incomes; safeguard the health and welfare of workers by discouraging excessively long work hours; safeguard the health and well-being of minors; prevent curtailment of employment and earnings for students, trainees, and handicapped workers; minimize losses of income and job rights caused by indebtedness; and direct a program of farm labor contractor registration designed to protect the health, safety, and welfare of migrant and seasonal agricultural workers.","head_title":"Administrator of the Wage and Hour Division","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd","topics":["minimum wage","overtime","child labor","family and medical leave"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Wage and Hour Division","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/wage-and-hour-division"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Wage and Hour Division","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/wage-and-hour-division"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.bls","name":"Bureau of Labor Statistics","acronym":"BLS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) measures labor market activity, working conditions, and price changes in the economy.","description":"The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) was originally established under the Department of the Interior as the Bureau of Labor under the Bureau of Labor Act (23 Stat. 60) of June 27, 1884. After several reorganizations and transfers, the agency was renamed the Bureau of Labor Statistics and transferred to the Department of Labor in 1913.\n\nThe BLS is an independent national statistical agency that collects, processes, analyzes, and disseminates essential statistical data to the American public, the U.S. Congress, other Federal agencies, State and local governments, business, and labor. The BLS also serves as a statistical resource to the Department of Labor.\n\nBLS data must satisfy a number of criteria, including relevance to current social and economic issues, timeliness in reflecting today’s rapidly changing economic conditions, accuracy and consistently high statistical quality, and impartiality in both subject matter and presentation.","head_title":"Commissioner of Labor Statistics","established":{"year":1884,"authority":"The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) was originally established under the Department of the Interior as the Bureau of Labor under the Bureau of Labor Act (23 Stat. 60) of June 27, 1884.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://stats.bls.gov/","topics":["unemployment rate","jobs report","inflation","CPI","statistics"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-labor-statistics"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Labor Statistics Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/labor-statistics-bureau"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.eta","name":"Employment and Training Administration","acronym":"ETA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Employment and Training Administration (ETA) provides job training and help with finding jobs and careers.","description":"The Employment and Training Administration (ETA) was originally established as the Manpower Administration, a subagency of the Department of Labor by General Order No. 63 on August 25, 1954. Renamed Employment and Training Administration by Secretarial Order 14-75 of November12, 1975\n\nETA fulfills responsibilities assigned to the Secretary of Labor that relate to employment services, job training, and unemployment insurance. Component offices and services administer a Federal/State employment security system; fund and oversee programs to provide work experience and training for groups having difficulty entering or returning to the work force; formulate and promote apprenticeship standards and programs; and conduct continuing programs of research development, and evaluation.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Employment and Training","established":{"year":1954,"authority":"The Employment and Training Administration (ETA) was originally established as the Manpower Administration, a subagency of the Department of Labor by General Order No. 63 on August 25, 1954.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.doleta.gov/","topics":["job training","unemployment insurance","apprenticeships","Job Corps"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Employment and Training Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/employment-and-training-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Employment and Training Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/employment-and-training-administration"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.ebsa","name":"Employee Benefits Security Administration","acronym":"EBSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) offers information and assistance on employer-sponsored retirement benefit and health benefit plans.","description":"The Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) promotes and protects the pension, health, and other benefits of the over 150 million participants and beneficiaries in over 6 million private sector employee benefit plans. In administering its responsibilities, EBSA assists workers in understanding their rights and protecting their benefits; facilitates compliance by plan sponsors, plan officials, service providers, and other members of the regulated community; encourages the growth of employment-based benefits; and deters and corrects violations of the relevant statutes. The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) is enforced through 15 EBSA field offices nationwide and the national office in Washington, DC.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Employee Benefits Security","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ebsa","topics":["pensions","401(k)","health plans","ERISA"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Employee Benefits Security Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/employee-benefits-security-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Employee Benefits Security Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/employee-benefits-security-administration"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.msha","name":"Mine Safety and Health Administration","acronym":"MSHA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) works to prevent mining related deaths, injuries, and illnesses through mine regulations, inspections, and training programs.","description":"The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) is responsible for safety and health in the Nation's mines. MSHA develops and promulgates mandatory safety and health standards, ensures compliance with such standards, assesses civil penalties for violations, and investigates accidents. It cooperates with and provides assistance to the States in the development of effective State mine safety and health programs; improves and expands training programs in cooperation with the States and the mining industry; and contributes to the improvement and expansion of mine safety and health research and development. All of these activities are aimed at preventing and reducing mine accidents and occupational diseases in the mining industry.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Mine Safety and Health","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.msha.gov/","topics":["mine safety","mining"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Mine Safety and Health Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/mine-safety-and-health-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Mine Safety and Health Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/mine-safety-and-health-administration"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.ofccp","name":"Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs","acronym":"OFCCP","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) administers and enforces three equal opportunity mandates: Executive Order 11246, as amended; section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended; and the Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974, as amended, 38 U.S.C. 4212.","description":"The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) administers and enforces three equal opportunity mandates: Executive Order 11246, as amended; section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended; and the Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974, as amended, 38 U.S.C. 4212. These mandates prohibit Federal contractors and subcontractors from discriminating on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or veteran status. They also require Federal contractors and subcontractors to take affirmative steps to ensure equal opportunity in their employment processes. OFCCP also shares responsibility with the U.S. Equal Opportunity Employment Commission in enforcing Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act.","head_title":"Director of OFCCP","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ofccp","topics":["federal contractors","employment discrimination"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Contract Compliance Programs Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-contract-compliance-programs-office"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.owcp","name":"Office of Workers' Compensation Programs","acronym":"OWCP","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Office of Workers' Compensation Programs administers four major disability compensation programs which provide wage replacement benefits, medical treatment, vocational rehabilitation and other benefits to certain workers or their dependents who experience work-related injury or occupational disease.","description":"The Office of Workers' Compensation Programs administers four major disability compensation programs which provide wage replacement benefits, medical treatment, vocational rehabilitation and other benefits to certain workers or their dependents who experience work-related injury or occupational disease. The program areas are:\n\nDivision of Federal Employees' Compensation. The Federal Employees' Compensation Act provides workers' compensation coverage to federal and postal workers around the world for employment-related injuries and occupational diseases. Division of Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation. The Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EEOICPA) provides compensation and medical benefits to employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and its contractors and subcontractors, and employees of DOE designated Atomic Weapons Employers (AWE) and Beryllium Vendors who became ill as a result of work performed in the production and testing of nuclear weapons. Uranium miners, millers and ore transporters (or their eligible survivors) under Section 5 of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) administered by the Department of Justice may also be eligible for benefits under the EEOICPA under both Part B and Part E. Division of Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation. Under the provisions of the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act and its extensions (including the Defense Base Act) the Office provide information, technical and compliance assistance, support, and informal dispute resolution services to workers, employers, and insurers, and ensures that benefits are promptly and properly paid to minimize the impact of employment injuries and deaths on employees and their families. Division of Coal Mine Workers' Compensation. The Black Lung Benefits Act provides benefits to coal miners who are totally disabled by black lung disease, and to their eligible survivors. Benefits include monthly compensation for disabled miners and survivors of miners whose deaths are attributable to black lung, and medical coverage for disabled miners' lung disease.","head_title":"Director of OWCP","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/owcp","topics":["workers compensation","federal employees","black lung"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Workers' Compensation Programs Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/workers-compensation-programs-office"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.olms","name":"Office of Labor-Management Standards","acronym":"OLMS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS) can trace its origin back to the passage of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, as amended (LMRDA) on September 14, 1959.","description":"The Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS) can trace its origin back to the passage of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, as amended (LMRDA) on September 14, 1959. LMRDA was enacted by Congress to ensure certain basic standards of democracy and fiscal responsibility in labor organizations representing employees in private industry. The organization's original name was the Bureau of Labor-Management Reports (BLMR). It was re-named the Labor-Management Services Administration (LMSA) in 1963.\n\nAt one time or another LMSA had responsibilities which included pension and welfare plans, Federal labor relations, veterans reemployment rights, and an anti-racketeering/organized crime strike force. Through reorganizations and the creation of new agencies through legislation, these functions were subsequently transferred to other Federal agencies.\n\nWith the passage of the Civil Service Reform Act (CSRA) in 1978, the federal labor relations program was transferred to the newly created Federal Labor Relations Authority. However, the Standard of Conduct provisions of the CSRA which regulate internal affairs of federal-sector unions remained in LMSA. In 1980, the Foreign Service Act (FSA) was passed and unions representing employees of the Department of State and U.S. Information Agency (USIA) became subject to Standards of Conduct requirements.\n\nThe agency became known as OLMS in 1984. In 1992, OLMS became part of the Employment Standards Administration (ESA). In 1993, OLMS was transferred to the newly created Office of the American Workplace (OAW). In 1996, OAW ceased to exist and OLMS was transferred back to ESA. In 2009, ESA was eliminated and OLMS became an independent agency reporting directly to the Secretary of Labor.","head_title":"Director of OLMS","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/olms","topics":["labor unions","union finances"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Labor-Management Standards Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/labor-management-standards-office"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.vets","name":"Veterans' Employment and Training Service","acronym":"VETS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Veterans' Employment and Training Service (VETS) helps veterans find meaningful careers and maximize their employment opportunities.","description":"The Veterans Employment and Training Service (VETS) was established in 1974 as an office under the Employment and Training Administration to focus specifically on the education and training of veterans. In 1984 VETS was reestablished as an independent agency and is one of several government units (including the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Small Business Bureau) addressing and executing improvement of employment, training and other work-force issues and scenarios for veterans. VETS works to secure the greatest number of employment opportunities possible for veterans, which it realizes through a variety of avenues and financial plans and policies, for veterans and those who hire them,","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Veterans' Employment and Training","established":{"year":1974,"authority":"The Veterans Employment and Training Service (VETS) was established in 1974 as an office under the Employment and Training Administration to focus specifically on the education and training of veterans.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/vets","topics":["veterans jobs","USERRA"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Veterans' Employment and Training Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/veterans-employment-and-training-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Veterans Employment and Training Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/veterans-employment-and-training-service"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.ilab","name":"Bureau of International Labor Affairs","acronym":"ILAB","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) works to improve working conditions, raise living standards, protect workers’ ability to exercise their rights, and address the workplace exploitation of children and other vulnerable populations.","description":null,"head_title":"Deputy Undersecretary for International Affairs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab","topics":["child labor abroad","forced labor","trade"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of International Labor Affairs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-international-labor-affairs"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.odep","name":"Office of Disability Employment Policy","acronym":"ODEP","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) creates policies to ensure that people with disabilities are fully integrated in the workforce.","description":"The Office of Disability Employment (ODEP) is a sub-cabinet level policy agency within the Department of Labor authorized by Congress in the Department of Labor's FY 2001 appropriation.\n\nODEP provides national leadership on disability employment policy by developing and influencing the use of evidence-based disability employment policies and practices, building collaborative partnerships, and delivering authoritative and credible data on employment of people with disabilities.\n\nWith the ultimate goal of increasing the number of people with disabilities who work, either as employees or entrepreneurs, ODEP provides policy analysis, technical assistance, development of innovative practices and strategies, and education and outreach to employers, employees, and the disability community. Related to these efforts, ODEP also conducts a variety of employment-related programs and initiatives.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Disability Employment Policy","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/odep","topics":["disability employment"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Disability Employment Policy","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-disability-employment-policy"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Disability Employment Policy Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/disability-employment-policy-office"}],"order":11,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.wb","name":"Women's Bureau","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Department of Labor's Women's Bureau safeguards the interests of working women, advocates for equality, and promotes quality work environments.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Women's Bureau","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/wb","topics":["working women"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Women's Bureau","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/women-s-bureau"}],"order":12,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.ecab","name":"Employees' Compensation Appeals Board","acronym":"ECAB","aliases":[],"type":"board","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"Employees' Compensation Appeals Board The Board is a three-member quasi-judicial body appointed by the Secretary which has been delegated exclusive jurisdiction by Congress to hear and make final decisions on workers' compensation appeals of Federal employees from determinations of the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (Office) arising under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act.","description":"Employees' Compensation Appeals Board The Board is a three-member quasi-judicial body appointed by the Secretary which has been delegated exclusive jurisdiction by Congress to hear and make final decisions on workers' compensation appeals of Federal employees from determinations of the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (Office) arising under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act. The Employees' Compensation Appeals Board (Board) was created by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1946 (60 Stat. 1095). The Board is independent of the Office, and its jurisdiction is strictly appellate and extends to questions of fact and law. The Board's decisions are not reviewable and are binding upon the Office.","head_title":null,"established":{"year":1946,"authority":"The Employees' Compensation Appeals Board (Board) was created by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1946 (60 Stat. 1095).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ecab","topics":["appeals","workers compensation"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Employees Compensation Appeals Board","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/employees-compensation-appeals-board"}],"order":13,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.labor.brb","name":"Benefits Review Board","acronym":"BRB","aliases":[],"type":"board","parent_id":"us-federal.labor","summary":"The Department of Labor's Benefits Review Board was created in 1972, by Congress, to review and issue decisions on appeals of worker's compensation claims arising under the Longshore and Harbor Worker's Compensation Act and the Black Lung Benefits amendments to the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":{"year":1972,"authority":"The Department of Labor's Benefits Review Board was created in 1972, by Congress, to review and issue decisions on appeals of worker's compensation claims arising under the Longshore and Harbor Worker's Compensation Act and the Black Lung Benefits amendments to the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Labor"},"website":"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/brb","topics":["appeals","longshore","black lung"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Benefits Review Board","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/benefits-review-board"}],"order":14,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs","name":"Department of Health and Human Services","acronym":"HHS","aliases":["Department of Health, Education, and Welfare","HEW"],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) protects the health of all Americans and provides essential human services.","description":"The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) was created as the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare on April 11, 1953 (5 U.S.C. app.).\n\nHHS is the Cabinet-level department of the Federal executive branch most involved with the Nation's human concerns. In one way or another, it touches the lives of more Americans than any other Federal agency. It is a department of people serving people, from newborn infants to persons requiring health services to our most elderly citizens.","head_title":"Secretary of Health and Human Services","established":{"year":1953,"authority":"Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953 (as the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, April 11, 1953); renamed HHS when the Department of Education was created (Pub. L. 96-88, 1979)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Energy and Commerce","House Committee on Ways and Means","Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions","Senate Committee on Finance"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.hhs.gov/","topics":["health","medicare","medicaid","disease","public health","drugs","medical research","children and families"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-health-and-human-services"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Health and Human Services Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/health-and-human-services-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":8,"cabinet_rank":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-hhs.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US Department of Health and Human Services seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services_seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United State Department of Health and Human Services","wikidata":"Q942326","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.cdc","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","acronym":"CDC","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collaborates to create the expertise, information, and tools that people and communities need to protect their health through health promotion, prevention of disease, injury and disability, and preparedness for new health threats.","description":"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as part of the Public Health Service, is charged with protecting the public health of the Nation by providing leadership and direction in the prevention of and control of diseases and other preventable conditions and responding to public health emergencies. Within the CDC, there are four coordinating centers, two coordinating offices, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.","head_title":"Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","established":{"year":1946,"authority":"Founded July 1, 1946 as the Communicable Disease Center"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.cdc.gov/","topics":["disease control","public health","vaccines","epidemics","outbreaks"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.cdc.niosh","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","acronym":"NIOSH","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.cdc","summary":"The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research and makes recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of NIOSH","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/","topics":["occupational health","worker safety research"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-occupational-safety-and-health"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.cdc.atsdr","name":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","acronym":"ATSDR","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.cdc","summary":"The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) responds to, and protects people from harmful chemical exposures.","description":"In 1980, Congress created the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to implement the health-related sections of laws that protect the public from hazardous wastes and environmental spills of hazardous substances. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), commonly known as the \"Superfund\" Act, provided the Congressional mandate to remove or clean up abandoned and inactive hazardous waste sites and to provide federal assistance in toxic emergencies.\n\nAs the lead Agency within the Public Health Service for implementing the health-related provisions of CERCLA, ATSDR is charged under the Superfund Act to assess the presence and nature of health hazards at specific Superfund sites, to help prevent or reduce further exposure and the illnesses that result from such exposures, and to expand the knowledge base about health effects from exposure to hazardous substances.","head_title":"Administrator of ATSDR (the CDC Director)","established":{"year":1980,"authority":"In 1980, Congress created the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to implement the health-related sections of laws that protect the public from hazardous wastes and environmental spills of hazardous substances.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/","topics":["toxic substances","hazardous waste","environmental health"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/agency-for-toxic-substances-and-disease-registry"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/agency-for-toxic-substances-and-disease-registry"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.nih","name":"National Institutes of Health","acronym":"NIH","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary Federal agency for conducting and supporting medical research.","description":"The National Institutes of Health (NIH) supports biomedical and behavioral research domestically and abroad, conducts research in its own laboratories and clinics, trains research scientists, and develops and disseminates credible, science-based health information to the public.","head_title":"Director of the National Institutes of Health","established":{"year":1887,"authority":"Founded in 1887 as the Laboratory of Hygiene"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.nih.gov/","topics":["medical research","biomedical research","clinical trials","cancer research"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institutes of Health","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institutes-of-health"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Institutes of Health","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-institutes-of-health"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.nih.nci","name":"National Cancer Institute","acronym":"NCI","aliases":[],"type":"institute","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.nih","summary":"The National Cancer Institute (NCI) conducts and supports research, training, health information distribution, and other programs related to the cause, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cancer, rehabilitation from cancer, and the continuing care of cancer patients and the families of cancer patients.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the National Cancer Institute","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.cancer.gov/","topics":["cancer"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Cancer Institute","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-cancer-institute"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.nih.niaid","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","acronym":"NIAID","aliases":[],"type":"institute","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.nih","summary":"The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) provides health information on allergic, infectious, and immunologic diseases. Diseases include food allergy, sinusitis, and genital herpes. Consumers can call or write to the institute with questions and can order publications over the phone or on the Web site.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of NIAID","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"http://www.niaid.nih.gov","topics":["infectious diseases","allergies","immunology"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-allergy-and-infectious-diseases"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.nih.nhlbi","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","acronym":"NHLBI","aliases":[],"type":"institute","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.nih","summary":"The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) provides training, and education programs to promote the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, and blood diseases to enhance the health of all individuals.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of NHLBI","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/","topics":["heart disease","lungs","blood"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-heart-lung-and-blood-institute"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.nih.nimh","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","acronym":"NIMH","aliases":[],"type":"institute","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.nih","summary":"The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) conducts and supports research that seeks to understand, treat, and prevent mental illness.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of NIMH","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.nimh.nih.gov/","topics":["mental health"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Institute of Mental Health","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-institute-of-mental-health"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.nih.nlm","name":"National Library of Medicine","acronym":"NLM","aliases":[],"type":"institute","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.nih","summary":"The National Library of Medicine (NLM) is a leader in research in biomedical informatics and data science and the world’s largest biomedical library. NLM conducts and supports research in methods for recording, storing, retrieving, preserving, and communicating health information. It is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).","description":"The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, has been a center of information innovation since its founding in 1836. The world’s largest biomedical library, NLM maintains and makes available a vast print collection and produces electronic information resources on a wide range of topics that are searched billions of times each year by millions of people around the globe. It also supports and conducts research, development, and training in biomedical informatics and health information technology. In addition, the Library coordinates a 6,000-member National Network of Libraries of Medicine that promotes and provides access to health information in communities across the United States.","head_title":"Director of the National Library of Medicine","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/","topics":["medical library","PubMed"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Library of Medicine","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-library-of-medicine"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Library of Medicine","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-library-of-medicine"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.fda","name":"Food and Drug Administration","acronym":"FDA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, our nation's food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. The FDA also provides accurate, science-based health information to the public.","description":"The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for protecting the public health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, the Nation's food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. FDA is also responsible for advancing the public health by accelerating innovations to make medicines more effective and providing the public with accurate, science-based information on medicines and food to improve their health. FDA plays a significant role in addressing the Nation's counterterrorism capability and ensuring the security of the food supply.","head_title":"Commissioner of Food and Drugs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.fda.gov/","topics":["drugs","medicines","food safety","medical devices","tobacco","vaccines approval"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Food and Drug Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/food-and-drug-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Food and Drug Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/food-and-drug-administration"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.cms","name":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services","acronym":"CMS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) provides health coverage to more than 100 million people through Medicare, Medicaid, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, and the Health Insurance Marketplace. The CMS seeks to strengthen and modernize the Nation’s health care system, to provide access to high quality care and improved health at lower costs.","description":"The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, originally designated the Health Care Finance Administration (HCFA), was established as a subagency under the Department of Health and Human Services by the Reorganization Order of march 9, 1977. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) was created to administer oversight of the Medicare Program and the federal portion of the Medicaid Program. It also ensures that program beneficiaries are aware of the services for which they are eligible and that those services are accessible and of high quality and develops health and safety standards for providers of health care services authorized by Medicare and Medicaid legislation. CMS is also responsible for administering the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), and several other health-related programs.","head_title":"Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services","established":{"year":1977,"authority":"The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, originally designated the Health Care Finance Administration (HCFA), was established as a subagency under the Department of Health and Human Services by the Reorganization Order of march 9, 1977.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.cms.gov/","topics":["medicare","medicaid","CHIP","health insurance marketplace","healthcare.gov"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/centers-for-medicare-and-medicaid-services"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/centers-for-medicare-medicaid-services"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.acf","name":"Administration for Children and Families","acronym":"ACF","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Administration for Children and Families (ACF) funds state, territory, local, and tribal organizations to provide family assistance (welfare), child support, child care, Head Start, child welfare, and other programs relating to children and families.","description":"The Administration for Children and Families was created April 15, 1991, under authority of section 6 of the Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953.\n\nThe Administration provides advice to the Secretary of Health and Human Services on issues pertaining to children, youth, and families; child support enforcement; community services; developmental disabilities; family assistance; Native American assistance; refugee resettlement; and legalized aliens.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Children and Families","established":{"year":1991,"authority":"The Administration for Children and Families was created April 15, 1991, under authority of section 6 of the Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/","topics":["child welfare","head start","child support","TANF","foster care","refugees"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Administration for Children and Families","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/administration-for-children-and-families"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Children and Families Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/children-and-families-administration"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.acf.orr","name":"Office of Refugee Resettlement","acronym":"ORR","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.acf","summary":"The Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) promotes the health, well-being, and stability of refugees, unaccompanied children, and other eligible individuals and families through culturally responsive, trauma-informed, and strengths-based services.","description":"The Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) was established by Congress under The Refugee Act of 1980. This Act incorporates the definition of \"refugee\" used in the U.N. Protocol, and makes provision for regular flow as well as emergency admission of refugees, and authorizes federal assistance for the resettlement of refugees.\n\nIndividuals granted refugee status overseas by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security are brought to the United States for resettlement by the U.S. Department of State. Voluntary agencies and ORR through their programs assist with their resettlement and integration into the U.S. Refugees are eligible to receive ORR benefits and services from the first day they arrive in the U.S.\n\nFounded on the belief that newly arriving populations have inherent capabilities when given opportunities, the goal of the ORR is to provide people in need with critical resources to assist them in becoming integrated members of American society.","head_title":"Director of ORR","established":{"year":1980,"authority":"The Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) was established by Congress under The Refugee Act of 1980.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr","topics":["refugees","unaccompanied children"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Refugee Resettlement","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-refugee-resettlement"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Refugee Resettlement Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/refugee-resettlement-office"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.acf.ocss","name":"Office of Child Support Services","acronym":"OCSS","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs.acf","summary":"The Office of Child Support Services (OCSS) assures that support (both financial and medical) is available to children through locating parents, establishing paternity, identifying support obligations, and enforcing those obligations.","description":"The Office of Child Support Enforcement was established pursuant to act of January 4, 1975 (42 U.S.C. 651). Its mission is to provide leadership in the planning, development, management, and coordination of the Department's Child Support Enforcement programs and activities authorized and directed by title IV-D of the Social Security Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 651), and other pertinent legislation. The general purpose of this legislation and the Child Support Enforcement programs is to require States to enforce support obligations owed by absent parents to their children by locating absent parents, establishing paternity when necessary, and obtaining child support.","head_title":"Commissioner of OCSS","established":{"year":1975,"authority":"The Office of Child Support Enforcement was established pursuant to act of January 4, 1975 (42 U.S.C. 651).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/css","topics":["child support"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Child Support Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-child-support-services"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Child Support Enforcement Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/child-support-enforcement-office"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.hrsa","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","acronym":"HRSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) improves access to health care for people who are uninsured, isolated, or medically vulnerable.","description":"The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) was created in 1982 as a subagency of the Department of the Health and Human Services. Formed from the merger of the Health Resources Administration and Health Services Administration, HRSA is the primary Federal agency for improving access to health care services for people who are uninsured, isolated or medically vulnerable.\n\nAmong its duties, HRSA provides leadership and financial support to health care providers in every State and U.S. Territory; it oversees organ, bone marrow and cord blood donation; it supports programs that prepare against bioterrorism, compensates individuals harmed by vaccination, and maintains databases that protect against health care malpractice and health care waste, fraud and abuse.","head_title":"Administrator of HRSA","established":{"year":1982,"authority":"The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) was created in 1982 as a subagency of the Department of the Health and Human Services.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.hrsa.gov/","topics":["health centers","organ donation","health workforce","ryan white","340B"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Health Resources and Services Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/health-resources-and-services-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Health Resources and Services Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/health-resources-and-services-administration"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.samhsa","name":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","acronym":"SAMHSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) works to improve substance abuse and mental health treatment services to those who are most in need of them.","description":"The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) funds and administers grant programs and contracts that support, expand, enhance, and improve the quality, availability, and range of substance abuse treatment and mental health services. SAMHSA has a matrix management system that outlines and guides its activities to improve the accountability, capacity, and effectiveness of the Nation's substance abuse prevention, addictions treatment, and mental health service delivery systems. The system includes 11 program priority areas: co-occurring disorders, substance abuse treatment capacity, seclusion and restraint, children and families, mental health system transformation, suicide prevention, homelessness, older adults, HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis, criminal and juvenile, and workforce development.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.samhsa.gov/","topics":["mental health","substance abuse","addiction","988"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/substance-abuse-and-mental-health-services-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/substance-abuse-and-mental-health-services-administration"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.ihs","name":"Indian Health Service","acronym":"IHS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Indian Health Service (IHS) provides federal health services to American Indians and Alaska Natives.","description":"The Indian Health Service, as part of the Public Health Service, provides a comprehensive health services delivery system for American Indians and Alaska Natives. It assists Native American tribes in developing their health programs; facilitates and assists tribes in coordinating health planning, obtaining and utilizing health resources available through Federal, State, and local programs, operating comprehensive health programs, and evaluating health programs; and provides comprehensive health care services including hospital and ambulatory medical care, preventive and rehabilitative services, and development of community sanitation facilities.","head_title":"Director of the Indian Health Service","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"http://www.ihs.gov/","topics":["tribal health","native american health"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Indian Health Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/indian-health-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Indian Health Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/indian-health-service"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-hhs-ihs.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"Indian Health Service Logo.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Indian_Health_Service_Logo.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"IHS","wikidata":"Q6020429","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.ahrq","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","acronym":"AHRQ","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) supports research to improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care for all Americans.","description":"The Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research was renamed the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) under the Healthcare Research and Quality Act of 1999 which amended Title IX of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299 et seq).\n\nAHRQ is the health services research arm of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). AHRQ is a home to research centers that specialize in major areas of health care research such as: quality improvement and patient safety, outcomes and effectiveness of care, clinical practice and technology assessment, and health care organization and delivery systems. AHRQ is also a major source of funding and technical assistance for health services research and research training at leading U.S. universities and other institutions. In addition AHRQ acts as a science partner, working with the public and private sectors to build the knowledge base for what works—and does not work—in health and health care and to translate this knowledge into everyday practice and policymaking.\n\nahrq.gov.","head_title":"Director of AHRQ","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.ahrq.gov/","topics":["healthcare quality","patient safety"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/agency-for-healthcare-research-and-quality"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/agency-for-healthcare-research-and-quality"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.acl","name":"Administration for Community Living","acronym":"ACL","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Administration for Community Living (ACL) supports the needs of the aging and disability populations, and improves access health care and long-term services.","description":"All Americans—including people with disabilities and older adults—should be able to live at home with the supports they need, participating in communities that value their contributions. To help meet these needs, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) created a new organization, the Administration for Community Living (ACL).\n\nACL brings together the efforts and achievements of the Administration on Aging, the Administration on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, and the HHS Office on Disability to serve as the Federal agency responsible for increasing access to community supports, while focusing attention and resources on the unique needs of older Americans and people with disabilities across their lifespan.","head_title":"Administrator of ACL","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://acl.gov/","topics":["aging","disabilities","older adults"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Administration for Community Living","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/administration-for-community-living"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Community Living Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/community-living-administration"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.aspr","name":"Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response","acronym":"ASPR","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The mission of the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) is to assist the country in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from public health emergencies and disasters.","description":"The mission of the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) is to assist the country in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from public health emergencies and disasters.\n\nASPR accomplishes its mission in several ways, including: developing, stockpiling, and distributing response tools against multiple threats; sending clinical response teams to places in times of crisis; and ensuring its healthcare and public health partners have the knowledge and tools they need to navigate today's challenges and confront whatever challenges lay ahead.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://aspr.hhs.gov/","topics":["public health emergencies","strategic national stockpile","pandemic preparedness"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Strategic Preparedness and Response Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/strategic-preparedness-and-response-administration"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.ocr","name":"Office for Civil Rights (HHS)","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The Office for Civil Rights helps to protect you from discrimination in certain healthcare and social service programs.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Office for Civil Rights","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://www.hhs.gov/ocr/index.html","topics":["HIPAA","health privacy","civil rights"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office for Civil Rights, Department of Health and Human Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-for-civil-rights-department-of-health-and-human-services"}],"order":11,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hhs.oig","name":"Office of Inspector General, HHS","acronym":"HHS-OIG","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hhs","summary":"The mission of the Office of Inspector General (OIG), as mandated by Public Law 95-452 (as amended), is to protect the integrity of Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) programs, as well as the health and welfare of the beneficiaries of those programs.","description":"The mission of the Office of Inspector General (OIG), as mandated by Public Law 95-452 (as amended), is to protect the integrity of Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) programs, as well as the health and welfare of the beneficiaries of those programs. OIG has a responsibility to report both to the Secretary and to the Congress program and management problems and recommendations to correct them. OIG's duties are carried out through a nationwide network of audits, investigations, evaluations and other mission related functions performed by OIG components.","head_title":"Inspector General","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Health and Human Services"},"website":"https://oig.hhs.gov/","topics":["inspector general","medicare fraud","oversight"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Inspector General Office, Health and Human Services Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/inspector-general-office-health-and-human-services-department"}],"order":12,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud","name":"Department of Housing and Urban Development","acronym":"HUD","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) administers programs that provide housing and community development assistance. The Department also works to ensure fair and equal housing opportunity for all.","description":"The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was established in 1965 by the Department of Housing and Urban Development Act (42 U.S.C. 3532-3537).\n\nHUD is the principal Federal agency responsible for programs concerned with the Nation's housing needs, fair housing opportunities, and improvement and development of the Nation's communities.","head_title":"Secretary of Housing and Urban Development","established":{"year":1965,"authority":"Department of Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3532–3537)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Financial Services","Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/","topics":["housing","mortgages","public housing","fair housing","homelessness","community development","FHA loans"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-housing-and-urban-development"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Housing and Urban Development Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/housing-and-urban-development-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":9,"cabinet_rank":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-hud.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q811595","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.hud.housing","name":"Office of Housing","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"The Office of Housing regulates the housing industry and administers the Federal Housing Administration. The regulatory programs administered by the Office of Housing include single family housing and multifamily housing programs.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Housing–Federal Housing Commissioner","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing","topics":["housing industry","single family","multifamily"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Housing","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-housing"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.housing.fha","name":"Federal Housing Administration","acronym":"FHA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.hud.housing","summary":"The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) provides mortgage insurance on single-family, multifamily, manufactured home, and hospital loans made by FHA-approved lenders throughout the United States and its territories.","description":null,"head_title":"Federal Housing Commissioner","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/federal_housing_administration","topics":["FHA loans","mortgage insurance"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Housing Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-housing-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.housing.omhp","name":"Office of Manufactured Housing Programs","acronym":"OMHP","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud.housing","summary":"The Office of Manufactured Housing Programs (OMHP) is a consumer protection program that regulates the construction of certain factory-built housing units called \"manufactured homes\".","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/mhs","topics":["manufactured homes","mobile homes"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Manufactured Housing Programs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-manufactured-housing-programs"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.pih","name":"Office of Public and Indian Housing","acronym":"PIH","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"The Office of Public and Indian Housing (PIH) works to ensure safe, decent and affordable housing.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian Housing","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/public_indian_housing","topics":["public housing","housing vouchers","section 8"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Public and Indian Housing","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/public-and-indian-housing"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.cpd","name":"Office of Community Planning and Development","acronym":"CPD","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"The Office of Community Planning and Development (CPD) develops communities by promoting decent housing, suitable living environments, and expanded economic opportunities for low and moderate income people.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning","topics":["community development","block grants","homelessness"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Community Planning and Development","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-community-planning-and-development"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.fheo","name":"Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity","acronym":"FHEO","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"The Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) enforces federal laws and establishes policies to ensure that all Americans have equal access to the housing of their choice.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/fair_housing_equal_opp","topics":["fair housing","housing discrimination"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-fair-housing-and-equal-opportunity"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.pdr","name":"Office of Policy Development and Research","acronym":"PD&R","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"The Office of Policy Development and Research (PD&R) provides the Department of Housing and Urban Development up-to-date information and analysis of housing and community development issues.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Policy Development and Research","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/home.html","topics":["housing research","data"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Policy Development and Research","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-policy-development-and-research"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.lead","name":"Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes","acronym":"OLHCHH","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"The Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes (OLHCHH) works to make private homes safe from lead and other harmful materials.","description":null,"head_title":"Director","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/healthy_homes","topics":["lead paint","healthy homes"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-lead-hazard-control-and-healthy-homes"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.hud.ginniemae","name":"Government National Mortgage Association","acronym":"Ginnie Mae","aliases":[],"type":"government-corporation","parent_id":"us-federal.hud","summary":"Ginnie Mae is a self-financing, wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. It is the primary financing mechanism for all government-insured or government-guaranteed mortgage loans.","description":"The Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) was created in 1968 under the National Housing Act of 1934 and its subsequent amendments. GNMA, also known as 'Ginnie Mae' was created as a Government-owned corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development.\n\nThe mission of Ginnie Mae, is to support expanded affordable housing by providing an efficient Government-guaranteed secondary market vehicle to link the capital markets with Federal housing markets. Ginnie Mae guarantees mortgage-backed securities composed of FHA-insured or VA-guaranteed mortgage loans that are issued by private lenders and guaranteed by GNMA with the full faith and credit of the United States. Through these programs, Ginnie Mae increases the overall supply of credit available for housing by providing a vehicle for channeling funds from the securities market into the mortgage market.","head_title":"President of Ginnie Mae","established":{"year":1968,"authority":"The Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) was created in 1968 under the National Housing Act of 1934 and its subsequent amendments.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Housing and Urban Development"},"website":"https://www.ginniemae.gov/pages/default.aspx","topics":["mortgage-backed securities"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Ginnie Mae","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/ginnie-mae"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Government National Mortgage Association","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/government-national-mortgage-association"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation","name":"Department of Transportation","acronym":"DOT","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Transportation (DOT) is responsible for planning and coordinating federal transportation projects. It also sets safety regulations for all major modes of transportation.","description":"The Department of Transportation (DOT) was established by an act of Congress on October 15, 1966. The Department’s first official day of operation was April 1, 1967.\n\nThe mission of the Department of Transportation is to ensure a fast, safe, efficient, accessible and convenient transportation system that meets our vital national interests and enhances the quality of life of the American people.\n\nOrganizations within the DOT include the Federal Highway Administration, the Federal Aviation Administration, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Federal Transit Administration, the Federal Railroad Administration and the Maritime Administration.\n\nS. Department of Transportation, please visit http://www.dot.gov/.","head_title":"Secretary of Transportation","established":{"year":1966,"authority":"Department of Transportation Act of October 15, 1966 (began operating April 1, 1967)"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure","Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.transportation.gov/","topics":["transportation","highways","aviation","airlines","railroads","transit","pipelines","vehicle safety","shipping"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Transportation","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-transportation"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Transportation Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/transportation-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":10,"cabinet_rank":11,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-transportation.webp","kind":"seal","file":"United States Department of Transportation seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of Transportation","wikidata":"Q852211","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.faa","name":"Federal Aviation Administration","acronym":"FAA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) works to ensure that air travel is safe.","description":"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), formerly the Federal Aviation Agency, was established by the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (72 Stat. 731). The agency became a component of the Department of Transportation in 1967 pursuant to the Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 106). The mission of the FAA is to regulate civil aviation and U.S. commercial space transportation, maintain and operate air traffic control and navigation systems for both civil and military aircrafts, and develop and administer programs relating to aviation safety and the National Airspace System.","head_title":"Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration","established":{"year":1958,"authority":"Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (as the Federal Aviation Agency); joined DOT in 1967"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.faa.gov/","topics":["aviation","air traffic control","pilots","drones","airports"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Aviation Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-aviation-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Aviation Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-aviation-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-transportation-faa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Federal Aviation Administration.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Federal_Aviation_Administration.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q335357","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.fhwa","name":"Federal Highway Administration","acronym":"FHWA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) supports state and local government in the design, construction, and maintenance of the highway system.","description":"The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) was established as an agency of the Department of Transportation by the Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 104). Title 23 of the United States Code and other supporting legislation authorize the Administration's various activities. FHWA's mission is to improve mobility on our Nation's highways through national leadership, innovation, and program delivery. The Administration works with Federal, State, and local agencies as well as other stakeholders and partners to preserve and improve the National Highway System, which includes the Interstate System and other roads of importance for national defense and mobility. The FHWA works to improve highway safety and minimize traffic congestion on these and other key facilities. The FHWA bears the responsibility of ensuring that America's roads and highways remain safe, technologically up-to-date, and environmentally-friendly. Through surface transportation programs, innovative and traditional financing mechanisms, and new types of pavement and operational technology, FHWA increases the efficiency by which people and goods move throughout the Nation. The Administration also works to improve the efficiency of highway and road connections to other modes of transportation. The Federal-aid Highway Program's budget is primarily divided between Federal-aid funding and the Federal Lands Highway Program.","head_title":"Administrator of FHWA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://highways.dot.gov/","topics":["highways","roads","bridges","interstate"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Highway Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-highway-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Highway Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-highway-administration"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.nhtsa","name":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration","acronym":"NHTSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) investigates safety defects in motor vehicles, sets and enforces fuel economy standards, helps states and local communities reduce the threat of drunk drivers, promotes the use of safety belts, child safety seats and air bags, investigates odometer fraud, establishes and enforces vehicle anti-theft regulations, conducts research on driver behavior and traffic safety, and provides consumer information on motor vehicle safety topics.","description":"The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) was established by the Highway Safety Act of 1970 (23 U.S.C. 401 note) to help reduce the number of deaths, injuries, and economic losses resulting from motor vehicle crashes on the Nation's highways. The Administration carries out programs relating to the safety performance of motor vehicles and related equipment; administers the State and community highway safety program with the FHWA; regulates the Corporate Average Fuel Economy program; investigates and prosecutes odometer fraud; carries out the National Driver Register Program to facilitate the exchange of State records on problem drivers; conducts studies and operates programs aimed at reducing economic losses in motor vehicle crashes and repairs; performs studies, conducts demonstration projects, and promotes programs to reduce impaired driving, increase seat belt use, and reduce risky driver behaviors; and issues theft prevention standards for passenger and nonpassenger motor vehicles.","head_title":"Administrator of NHTSA","established":{"year":1970,"authority":"Highway Safety Act of 1970"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.nhtsa.gov","topics":["vehicle safety","recalls","crash tests","seat belts"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-highway-traffic-safety-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-highway-traffic-safety-administration"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.fmcsa","name":"Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration","acronym":"FMCSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) works to prevent deaths and injuries related to commercial motor vehicles. You can file a complaint with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration if you have trouble with a mover.","description":"The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration was established within the Department of Transportation on January 1, 2000, pursuant to the Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999 (49 U.S.C. 113). Formerly a part of the Federal Highway Administration, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's primary mission is to prevent commercial motor vehicle-related fatalities and injuries. Activities of the Administration contribute to ensuring safety in motor carrier operations through strong enforcement of safety regulations, targeting high-risk carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers; improving safety information systems and commercial motor vehicle technologies; strengthening commercial motor vehicle equipment and operating standards; and increasing safety awareness. To accomplish these activities, the Administration works with Federal, State, and local enforcement agencies, the motor carrier industry, labor safety interest groups, and others.","head_title":"Administrator of FMCSA","established":{"year":2000,"authority":"The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration was established within the Department of Transportation on January 1, 2000, pursuant to the Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999 (49 U.S.C. 113).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/","topics":["trucks","buses","commercial drivers"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-motor-carrier-safety-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-motor-carrier-safety-administration"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.fra","name":"Federal Railroad Administration","acronym":"FRA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) creates and enforces rail safety regulations, administers rail funding, and researches rail improvement strategies and technologies.","description":"The Federal Railroad Administration was created pursuant to section 3(e)(1) of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966 (49 U.S.C. 103). The purpose of the Administration is to promulgate and enforce rail safety regulations, administer railroad financial assistance programs, conduct research and development in support of improved railroad safety and national rail transportation policy, provide for the rehabilitation of Northeast Corridor rail passenger service, and consolidate government support of rail transportation activities.","head_title":"Administrator of FRA","established":{"year":1966,"authority":"The Federal Railroad Administration was created pursuant to section 3(e)(1) of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966 (49 U.S.C. 103).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://railroads.dot.gov/","topics":["railroads","trains","rail safety"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Railroad Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-railroad-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Railroad Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-railroad-administration"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-transportation-fra.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Transportation (1980).svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Transportation_(1980).svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of Transportation","wikidata":"Q5440355","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.fta","name":"Federal Transit Administration","acronym":"FTA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) seeks to improve public transportation by assisting state and local governments with planning, implementation, and financing public transportation projects.","description":"The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) (formerly the Urban Mass Transportation Administration) was established as an operating administration of the Department of Transportation by section 1 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1968 (5 U.S.C. app. 1), effective July 1, 1968. FTA's mission is to assist in developing improved mass transportation, encourage the planning and establishment of areawide mass transportation systems, and provide financial assistance to State and local governments to finance mass transportation systems and carry out national transit goals and policy.","head_title":"Administrator of FTA","established":{"year":1968,"authority":"The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) (formerly the Urban Mass Transportation Administration) was established as an operating administration of the Department of Transportation by section 1 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1968 (5 U.S.C. app. 1), effective July 1, 1968.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.transit.dot.gov/","topics":["public transit","buses","subways"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Transit Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-transit-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Transit Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-transit-administration"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.marad","name":"Maritime Administration","acronym":"MARAD","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Maritime Administration (MARAD) supports the U.S. merchant marine, improves port efficiency, and maintains an adequate ship building and repair infrastructure.","description":"The Maritime Administration was established by Reorganization Plan No. 21 of 1950 (5 U.S.C. app.). The Maritime Act of 1981 (46 U.S.C. 1601) transferred the Maritime Administration to the Department of Transportation.\n\nPrograms of the Maritime Administration promote the development and maintenance of an adequate, well-balanced United States merchant marine, sufficient to carry the Nation's domestic waterborne commerce and a substantial portion of its waterborne foreign commerce, and capable of service as a naval and military auxiliary in time of war or national emergency. The Maritime Administration also seeks to ensure that the United States maintains adequate shipbuilding and repair services, efficient ports, effective inter-modal water and land transportation systems, and reserve shipping capacity for use in time of national emergency.","head_title":"Maritime Administrator","established":{"year":1950,"authority":"The Maritime Administration was established by Reorganization Plan No. 21 of 1950 (5 U.S.C. app.).","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.maritime.dot.gov/","topics":["shipping","merchant marine","ports"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Maritime Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/maritime-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Maritime Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/maritime-administration"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-transportation-marad.webp","kind":"seal","file":"US-MaritimeAdministration-Seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US-MaritimeAdministration-Seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q679743","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.phmsa","name":"Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration","acronym":"PHMSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) regulates the transport of hazardous materials.","description":"The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) was established on November 20, 2004 under the Norman Y. Mineta Research and Special Programs Improvement Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108-426).\n\nPHMSA was created to protect the American public and the environment by ensuring the safe and secure movement of hazardous materials to industry and consumers by all transportation modes, including the nation's pipelines. Through PHMSA, the Department develops and enforces regulations for the safe, reliable, and environmentally sound operation of the nation's 2.3 million mile pipeline transportation system and the nearly 1 million daily shipments of hazardous materials by land, sea, and air.","head_title":"Administrator of PHMSA","established":{"year":2004,"authority":"The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) was established on November 20, 2004 under the Norman Y. Mineta Research and Special Programs Improvement Act of 2004 (Pub.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/","topics":["pipelines","hazardous materials"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/pipeline-and-hazardous-materials-safety-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/pipeline-and-hazardous-materials-safety-administration"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.gls","name":"Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation","acronym":"GLS","aliases":[],"type":"government-corporation","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (GLS) works to operate and maintain a safe, reliable, efficient waterway between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean.","description":"The Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (GLS) is a wholly owned government corporation created by statute May 13, 1954, to construct, operate and maintain that part of the St. Lawrence Seaway between the Port of Montreal and Lake Erie, within the territorial limits of the United States.\n\nThe mission of the Corporation is to serve the U.S. intermodal and international transportation system by improving the operation and maintenance of a safe, reliable, efficient, and environmentally responsible deep-draft waterway, in cooperation with its Canadian counterpart. The GLS also encourages the development of trade through the Great Lakes Seaway System, which contributes to the comprehensive economic and environmental development of the entire Great Lakes region.\n\nThe Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation was formerly the St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (See Pub. L. 116-260).","head_title":"Administrator of the GLS","established":{"year":1954,"authority":"Created by statute May 13, 1954 (as the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation)"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"http://www.seaway.dot.gov/","topics":["great lakes","seaway","shipping"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/saint-lawrence-seaway-development-corporation"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/great-lakes-st-lawrence-seaway-development-corporation"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-transportation-gls.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Saint_Lawrence_Seaway_Development_Corporation.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q7401634","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.bts","name":"Bureau of Transportation Statistics","acronym":"BTS","aliases":[],"type":"bureau","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation","summary":"The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) collects and publishes comprehensive transportation statistics.","description":"The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) was established as a statistical agency in 1992. The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 created BTS to administer data collection, analysis, and reporting and to ensure the most cost-effective use of transportation-monitoring resources. BTS brings a greater degree of coordination, comparability, and quality standards to transportation data, and facilitates in the closing of important data gaps. On February 20, 2005, BTS became a part of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA). RITA is composed of BTS, the former Research Office of the Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA), Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (formerly with RSPA), Transportation Safety Institute (formerly with RSPA), and Office of Intermodalism (formerly with the Office of the Secretary). BTS is headed by a Director, appointed by the Secretary of Transportation, and the Director reports to the RITA Administrator. BTS' basic authorizing legislation is the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), which authorizes $27 million each year for a five year period (2005-2009). This funding comes from the Highway Trust Fund, and is administered within the Research and Development account under the Federal Highway Administration. BTS' data collection program for aviation is authorized under separate legislation enacted when the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) was terminated. This program is a mandatory data collection. The Wendell Ford Aviation Investment Reform Act (AIR-21) authorized funding for the airline information program from the Airport and Airways Trust Fund (AATF), but to date no funding has been appropriated.","head_title":"Director of BTS","established":{"year":1992,"authority":"The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) was established as a statistical agency in 1992.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.bts.gov/","topics":["transportation statistics"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bureau of Transportation Statistics","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bureau-of-transportation-statistics"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Transportation Statistics Bureau","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/transportation-statistics-bureau"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.transportation.faa.ast","name":"FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation","acronym":"AST","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.transportation.faa","summary":"The Commercial Space Transportation Office regulates and encourages the U.S. commercial space transportation industry.","description":"The Commercial Space Transportation Office regulates and encourages the U.S. commercial space transportation industry. It licenses the private sector launching of space payloads on expendable launch vehicles and commercial space launch facilities. It also sets insurance requirements for the protection of persons and property and ensures that space transportation activities comply with U.S. domestic and foreign policy. Registration The agency provides a system for registering aircraft and recording documents affecting title or interest in the aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, and spare parts.","head_title":"Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Transportation"},"website":"https://www.faa.gov/space","topics":["commercial space","rocket launches"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Commercial Space Transportation Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/commercial-space-transportation-office"}],"order":10,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy","name":"Department of Energy","acronym":"DOE","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Energy (DOE) manages the United States' nuclear infrastructure and administers the country's energy policy. The Department of Energy also funds scientific research in the field.","description":"The Department of Energy's mission is to foster a secure and reliable energy system that is environmentally and economically sustainable; to be a responsible steward of the Nation's nuclear weapons; to clean up the Department's facilities; to lead in the physical sciences and advance the biological, environmental, and computational sciences; and to provide premier scientific instruments for the Nation's research enterprise. The Department of Energy (DOE) was established by the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7131), effective October 1, 1977, pursuant to Executive Order 12009 of September 13, 1977. The act consolidated the major Federal energy functions into one Cabinet-level Department.","head_title":"Secretary of Energy","established":{"year":1977,"authority":"Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7131), effective October 1, 1977"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Energy and Commerce","Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/","topics":["energy","nuclear weapons","national laboratories","electricity","oil","nuclear power","science research"],"note":"In November 2025 DOE reorganized: the Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation (CMEI) absorbed the former Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and several other offices, and the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management was rebranded the Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office (HGEO).","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Energy","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-energy"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Energy Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/energy-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"},{"label":"DOE FY 2027 Budget, Vol. 2 – Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation (energy.gov)","url":"https://www.energy.gov/documents/doe-fy-2027-volume-2-cmei"},{"label":"DOE: Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office (energy.gov)","url":"https://www.energy.gov/hgeo/assistant-secretaries-hydrocarbons-and-geothermal-energy-office"}],"order":11,"cabinet_rank":12,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-energy.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Energy.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"The original uploader was K. Aainsqatsi at English Wikipedia.","wikidata":"Q217810","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.energy.nnsa","name":"National Nuclear Security Administration","acronym":"NNSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) works to ensure that the nation's stockpile of nuclear weapons is safe and secure. It also works to ensure the safety of naval nuclear reactors, is the first responder in case of nuclear emergency, and works on worldwide nuclear nonproliferation issues.","description":"The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) was created by Congress through the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000 (113 Stat. 512) to bring focus to the management of the Nation's defense nuclear security programs. Three existing organizations within the Department of Energy--Defense Programs, Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, and Naval Reactors--were combined into a new, separately organized and managed agency within DOE, headed by an Administrator who reports to the Secretary. NNSA is responsible for strengthening United States security through military application of nuclear energy and by reducing the global threat from terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. NNSA's service center and eight site offices provide operations oversight and contract administration for NNSA site activities, acting as the agency's risk acceptance for the site. The site offices are responsible for the following functions: the safe and secure operation of facilities under the purview of NNSA; supporting NNSA programs to ensure their success in accordance with their expectations; and ensuring the long-term viability of the site to support NNSA programs and projects.","head_title":"Under Secretary for Nuclear Security (NNSA Administrator)","established":{"year":2000,"authority":"National Nuclear Security Administration Act (Title XXXII of the FY2000 National Defense Authorization Act)"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/nnsa/national-nuclear-security-administration","topics":["nuclear weapons","nonproliferation","naval reactors"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Nuclear Security Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-nuclear-security-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Nuclear Security Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-nuclear-security-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.science","name":"Office of Science","acronym":"SC","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Science supports scientific research in 10 of the Department of Energy's National Laboratories. The Science Office also operates several open-access scientific facilities that are available for projects of sufficient scientific merit.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Office of Science","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/science/office-science","topics":["basic research","physics","national laboratories","fusion"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Department of Energy’s Office of Science","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/department-of-energy-office-of-science"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.labs","name":"National Laboratories","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The National Laboratories conduct scientific research and development in areas related to energy and technology.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/national-laboratories","topics":["national laboratories","research labs"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Laboratories","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-laboratories"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.ne","name":"Office of Nuclear Energy","acronym":"NE","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Office of Nuclear Energy works to improve the safety, cost, security, and efficiency of nuclear energy generation.","description":"The Office of Nuclear Energy (NE) is a subagency of the Department of Energy.\n\nThe NE promotes nuclear power as a resource capable of meeting the Nation's energy, environmental and national security needs by resolving technical and regulatory barriers through research, development and demonstration.\n\nne.doe.gov/.","head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/ne/office-nuclear-energy","topics":["nuclear power","reactors"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Nuclear Energy","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-nuclear-energy"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Nuclear Energy Office","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/nuclear-energy-office"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.cmei","name":"Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation","acronym":"CMEI","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation (CMEI) makes sure the U.S. has the materials needed for things like batteries, computers, and clean energy technology. The office also supports ideas and partnerships that improve energy systems and strengthen supply chains.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/cmei/office-critical-minerals-and-energy-innovation","topics":["critical minerals","batteries","energy efficiency","renewable energy","supply chains"],"note":"Created in November 2025; absorbed the former Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and other offices.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-critical-minerals-and-energy-innovation"},{"label":"DOE FY 2027 Budget, Vol. 2 – Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation (energy.gov)","url":"https://www.energy.gov/documents/doe-fy-2027-volume-2-cmei"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.hgeo","name":"Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office","acronym":"HGEO","aliases":["Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management","FECM","Office of Fossil Energy"],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office (HGEO) runs DOE programs on oil, natural gas, coal and geothermal energy and oversees LNG regulatory matters and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. It was rebranded from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management on November 20, 2025.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/hgeo/","topics":["oil","natural gas","coal","geothermal","strategic petroleum reserve","LNG"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"DOE: Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office (energy.gov)","url":"https://www.energy.gov/hgeo/assistant-secretaries-hydrocarbons-and-geothermal-energy-office"},{"label":"DOE FY 2027 Budget, Vol. 2 – Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation (energy.gov)","url":"https://www.energy.gov/documents/doe-fy-2027-volume-2-cmei"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.em","name":"Office of Environmental Management","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Office of Environmental Management cleans up nuclear weapons test sites and government sponsored nuclear energy research sites.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/em/office-environmental-management","topics":["nuclear cleanup","radioactive waste"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Environmental Management","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-environmental-management"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.eia","name":"Energy Information Administration","acronym":"EIA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Energy Information Administration (EIA) researches, collects and disseminates information on energy topics.","description":"The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) is the statistical and analytical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. EIA collects, analyzes, and disseminates independent and impartial energy information to promote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding of energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. EIA is the nation's premier source of energy information, and, by law, its data, analyses, and forecasts are independent of approval by any other officer or employee of the U.S. government.","head_title":"Administrator of the Energy Information Administration","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.eia.gov/","topics":["energy statistics","gas prices","energy data"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Energy Information Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/energy-information-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Energy Information Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/energy-information-administration"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.ferc","name":"Federal Energy Regulatory Commission","acronym":"FERC","aliases":[],"type":"commission","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulates interstate transmission of electricity, natural gas, and oil, and also regulates hydropower projects and natural gas terminals.","description":"The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is an independent agency within the Department of Energy which regulates the interstate transmission of electricity, natural gas, and oil. FERC has retained many of the functions of the Federal Power Commission, such as setting rates and charges for the transportation and sale of natural gas and the transportation of oil by pipelines, as well the valuation of such pipelines. FERC also reviews proposals to build liquefied natural gas terminals and interstate natural gas pipelines as well as licensing hydropower projects. FERC is composed of five members appointed by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. FERC Commissioners serve 5-year terms and have an equal vote on regulatory matters. One member is designated by the President to serve as both Chairman and FERC's administrative head.","head_title":"Chairman of FERC","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.ferc.gov/","topics":["electricity transmission","natural gas pipelines","hydropower licensing","utilities"],"note":"FERC is an independent regulatory commission organized within DOE; its decisions are not reviewed by the Secretary.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-energy-regulatory-commission"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-energy-regulatory-commission"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-energy-ferc.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Federal_Energy_Regulatory_Commission.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q3067862","property":"commons-filename"}},{"id":"us-federal.energy.pmas","name":"Power Marketing Administrations","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.energy","summary":"Four Power Marketing Administrations sell electricity generated mainly at federal hydroelectric dams.","description":null,"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":null,"topics":["power marketing administrations","hydropower"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Energy Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/energy-department"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.pmas.bpa","name":"Bonneville Power Administration","acronym":"BPA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.energy.pmas","summary":"The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) creates and delivers a reliable power supply to the Pacific Northwest.","description":"The Bonneville Power Administration's mission as a public service organization is to create and deliver the best value for our customers and constituents as we act in concert with others to assure the Pacific Northwest:\n\n(1) An adequate, efficient, economical and reliable power supply; (2) A transmission system that is adequate to the task of integrating and transmitting power from federal and non-federal generating units, providing service to BPA's customers, providing interregional interconnections, and maintaining electrical reliability and stability; and (3) Mitigation of the Federal Columbia River Power System's impacts on fish and wildlife.\n\nBPA is committed to cost-based rates, and public and regional preference in its marketing of power. BPA will set its rates as low as possible consistent with sound business principles and the full recovery of all of its costs, including timely repayment of the federal investment in the system.","head_title":"Administrator of BPA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.bpa.gov","topics":["pacific northwest","hydropower","electricity"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Bonneville Power Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/bonneville-power-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Bonneville Power Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/bonneville-power-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-energy-pmas-bpa.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"BPA-Logo-color.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BPA-Logo-color.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Bonneville Power Administration","wikidata":"Q2910288","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.energy.pmas.wapa","name":"Western Area Power Administration","acronym":"WAPA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.energy.pmas","summary":"The Western Area Power Administration (WAPA) markets hydroelectric power generated by federal dams and associated services to public entities in the Western United States.","description":"The Western Area Power Administration is responsible for the Federal electric power marketing and transmission functions in 15 Central and Western States, encompassing a geographic area of 1.3 million square miles. The Administration sells power to cooperatives, municipalities, public utility districts, private utilities, Federal and State agencies, and irrigation districts. The wholesale power customers, in turn, provide service to millions of retail consumers in the States of Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. The Administration is responsible for the operation and maintenance of transmission lines, substations, and various auxiliary power facilities in the aforementioned geographic area and also for planning, construction, and operation and maintenance of additional Federal transmission facilities that may be authorized in the future.","head_title":"Administrator of WAPA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.wapa.gov","topics":["hydropower","electricity","west"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Western Area Power Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/western-area-power-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Western Area Power Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/western-area-power-administration"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.pmas.sepa","name":"Southeastern Power Administration","acronym":"SEPA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.energy.pmas","summary":"The Southeastern Power Administration markets hydroelectric power generated by federal reservoirs to public entities in the southeastern United States.","description":"The Southeastern Power Administration is responsible for the transmission and disposition of surplus electric power and energy generated at reservoir projects in the States of West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Kentucky. The Administration sets the lowest possible rates to consumers, consistent with sound business principles, and gives preference in the sale of such power and energy to public bodies and cooperatives.","head_title":"Administrator of SEPA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/sepa/southeastern-power-administration","topics":["hydropower","southeast"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Southeastern Power Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/southeastern-power-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Southeastern Power Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/southeastern-power-administration"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.energy.pmas.swpa","name":"Southwestern Power Administration","acronym":"SWPA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.energy.pmas","summary":"The Southwestern Power Administration markets hydroelectric power generated by federal dams to public entities in several states in the South and Southwest.","description":"The Southwestern Power Administration is responsible for the sale and disposition of electric power and energy in the States of Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas. The Southwestern Power Administration transmits and disposes of the electric power and energy generated at Federal reservoir projects, supplemented by power purchased from public and private utilities, in such a manner as to encourage the most widespread and economical use. The Administration sets the lowest possible rates to consumers, consistent with sound business principles, and gives preference in the sale of power and energy to public bodies and cooperatives. The Administration also conducts and participates in the comprehensive planning of water resource development in the Southwest.","head_title":"Administrator of SWPA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Energy"},"website":"https://www.energy.gov/swpa/southwestern-power-administration","topics":["hydropower","southwest"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Southwestern Power Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/southwestern-power-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Southwestern Power Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/southwestern-power-administration"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education","name":"Department of Education","acronym":"ED","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Education (ED) fosters educational excellence and ensures equal access to educational opportunity for all.","description":"The Department of Education was established by the Department of Education Organization Act (Pub. L. 96-88) of October 17, 1979.\n\nThe U.S. Department of Education is the agency of the federal government that establishes policy for, administers and coordinates most federal assistance to education. It assists the president in executing his education policies for the nation and in implementing laws enacted by Congress. The Department's mission is to serve America's students—to promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access.","head_title":"Secretary of Education","established":{"year":1979,"authority":"Department of Education Organization Act (Pub. L. 96-88), October 17, 1979"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Education and the Workforce","Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.ed.gov/","topics":["education","schools","student loans","financial aid","FAFSA","colleges","special education","civil rights in schools"],"note":"Since 2025 the Department has used interagency agreements to move day-to-day management of many programs (e.g. career/technical education, K-12 and postsecondary programs, special education, civil-rights enforcement) to other departments, including Labor, HHS, Interior, State, Justice and Treasury. Congress has not abolished the Department; offices below are its statutory components. Check ed.gov for current arrangements.","sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Education","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-education"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Education Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/education-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"},{"label":"U.S. Department of Education: Returning Education to the States – interagency agreements (ed.gov)","url":"https://www.ed.gov/about/initiatives/returning-education-states"}],"order":12,"cabinet_rank":13,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-education.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Education.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Education.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original seal by the U.S. Army Heraldry Directorate","wikidata":"Q861556","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.education.fsa","name":"Federal Student Aid","acronym":"FSA","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"Federal Student Aid provides more than $125 billion in federal grants, work-study, and loans for students attending career schools, community colleges, and colleges or universities.","description":null,"head_title":"Chief Operating Officer of Federal Student Aid","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://studentaid.gov/","topics":["student loans","FAFSA","pell grants","financial aid"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Student Aid Information Center","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-student-aid-information-center"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.oese","name":"Office of Elementary and Secondary Education","acronym":"OESE","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) works to improve the achievement of students in preschool through secondary school. The office also works to ensure equal education opportunities for all, and to provide assistance to state and local schools.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Elementary and Secondary Education","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://oese.ed.gov/","topics":["K-12","title I","schools"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Elementary and Secondary Education","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-elementary-and-secondary-education"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.ope","name":"Office of Postsecondary Education","acronym":"OPE","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) develops programs to increase access to postsecondary education. This office works with state accreditation agencies to recognize institutions of higher learning that provide quality education.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://www.ed.gov/about/ed-offices/ope","topics":["colleges","universities","higher education"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Postsecondary Education","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-postsecondary-education"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.osers","name":"Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services","acronym":"OSERS","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) provides a wide array of supports to parents, students, school districts, and states in three main areas: special education, vocational rehabilitation, and research.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/index.html","topics":["special education","IDEA","disabilities"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-special-education-and-rehabilitative-services"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.osers.rsa","name":"Rehabilitation Services Administration","acronym":"RSA","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education.osers","summary":"The Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) oversees grant programs that help individuals with physical or mental disabilities obtain employment and live more independently.","description":null,"head_title":"Commissioner of RSA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://rsa.ed.gov/","topics":["vocational rehabilitation"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Rehabilitation Services Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/rehabilitation-services-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.ocr","name":"Office for Civil Rights (ED)","acronym":"OCR","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) works to ensure equal access to education and resolve complaints of discrimination.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"http://www.ed.gov/ocr","topics":["title IX","discrimination in schools"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office for Civil Rights, Department of Education","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-for-civil-rights-department-of-education"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.octae","name":"Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education","acronym":"OCTAE","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education (OCTAE) administers and coordinates programs that are related to adult education and literacy, career and technical education, and community colleges.","description":null,"head_title":"Assistant Secretary for Career, Technical, and Adult Education","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://www.ed.gov/about/ed-offices/octae","topics":["career education","adult education","community colleges"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/office-of-career-technical-and-adult-education"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.oela","name":"Office of English Language Acquisition","acronym":"OELA","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"Part of the Department of Education, the Office of English Language Acquisition (OELA) supports programs for students learning English.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of OELA","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://www.ed.gov/about/ed-offices/oela","topics":["english learners"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Office of English Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/english-language-acquisition-office"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.ies","name":"Institute of Education Sciences","acronym":"IES","aliases":[],"type":"office","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) provides rigorous evidence on which to base educational policy and practices.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of IES","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ies/index.html","topics":["education research","statistics","NAEP"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Institute of Education Sciences","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/institute-of-education-sciences"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.education.nagb","name":"National Assessment Governing Board","acronym":"NAGB","aliases":[],"type":"board","parent_id":"us-federal.education","summary":"The National Assessment Governing Board was created by Congress in 1988 as an independent, nonpartisan board to set policy for the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), also known as The Nation’s Report Card.","description":"The National Assessment Governing Board was created by Congress in 1988 as an independent, nonpartisan board to set policy for the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), also known as The Nation’s Report Card.\n\nIn overseeing The Nation’s Report Card, the Governing Board identifies subjects to be tested, determines the content and achievement levels for each assessment, approves all test questions, and takes steps to improve the reporting of results. The Governing Board is responsible for communicating NAEP results to a wide range of audiences.","head_title":null,"established":{"year":1988,"authority":"The National Assessment Governing Board was created by Congress in 1988 as an independent, nonpartisan board to set policy for the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), also known as The Nation’s Report Card.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Education"},"website":"https://www.nagb.gov/","topics":["nation's report card","NAEP"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: National Assessment Governing Board","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/national-assessment-governing-board"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.va","name":"Department of Veterans Affairs","acronym":"VA","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) runs programs benefiting veterans and members of their families. It offers education opportunities and rehabilitation services and provides compensation payments for disabilities or death related to military service, home loan guaranties, pensions, burials, and health care that includes the services of nursing homes, clinics, and medical centers.","description":"The establishment of the Veterans Administration (VA) came in 1930 when Congress authorized the President to \"consolidate and coordinate Government activities affecting war veterans.\" The three component agencies (the Veterans Bureau, the Bureau of Pensions of the Interior Department, and the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers) became bureaus within the Veterans Administration.\n\nThe VA is responsible for administering benefit programs for veterans, their families, and their survivors. These benefits include pension, education, disability compensation, home loans, life insurance, vocational rehabilitation, survivor support, medical care, and burial benefits.\n\nOf the 25 million veterans currently alive, nearly three of every four served during a war or an official period of hostility. About a quarter of the nation's population — approximately 70 million people — are potentially eligible for V.A. benefits and services because they are veterans, family members, or survivors of veterans.\n\nva.gov/.","head_title":"Secretary of Veterans Affairs","established":{"year":1989,"authority":"Department of Veterans Affairs Act (1988), effective March 15, 1989; succeeded the Veterans Administration created in 1930"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Veterans' Affairs","Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.va.gov/","topics":["veterans","VA health care","GI Bill","disability compensation","veterans benefits","national cemeteries","burial"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-veterans-affairs"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Veterans Affairs Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/veterans-affairs-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":13,"cabinet_rank":14,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-va.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._Department_of_Veterans_Affairs.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","wikidata":"Q592576","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.va.vha","name":"Veterans Health Administration","acronym":"VHA","aliases":[],"type":"administration","parent_id":"us-federal.va","summary":"The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) provides primary care, specialized care, and related medical and social support services to American veterans.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary for Health","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Veterans Affairs"},"website":"https://www.va.gov/health/","topics":["VA health care","VA hospitals","medical centers"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Veterans Health Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/veterans-health-administration"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.va.vba","name":"Veterans Benefits Administration","acronym":"VBA","aliases":[],"type":"administration","parent_id":"us-federal.va","summary":"The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) helps veterans receive benefits, such as educational and financial resources.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary for Benefits","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Veterans Affairs"},"website":"https://benefits.va.gov/","topics":["disability compensation","GI Bill","VA home loans","pension"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Veterans Benefits Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/veterans-benefits-administration"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.va.nca","name":"National Cemetery Administration","acronym":"NCA","aliases":[],"type":"administration","parent_id":"us-federal.va","summary":"The National Cemetery Administration (NCA) provides burial space for Veterans and their eligible family members, and maintains national cemeteries as national shrines, sacred to the honor and memory of those interred or memorialized there.","description":null,"head_title":"Under Secretary for Memorial Affairs","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Veterans Affairs"},"website":"https://www.cem.va.gov/","topics":["national cemeteries","burial","headstones"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: National Cemetery Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/national-cemetery-administration"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.dhs","name":"Department of Homeland Security","acronym":"DHS","aliases":[],"type":"department","parent_id":"us-federal.executive.departments","summary":"The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) works to improve the security of the United States. The Department's work includes customs, border, and immigration enforcement, emergency response to natural and manmade disasters, antiterrorism work, and cybersecurity.","description":"The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was established by the Homeland Security Act of 2002, (6 U.S.C. 101 note). The Department came into existence on January 24, 2003, and is administered under the supervision and direction of the Secretary of Homeland Security.\n\nThe Department of Homeland Security leads the unified national effort to secure America. It will prevent and deter terrorist attacks and protect against and respond to threats and hazards to the Nation. The Department will ensure safe and secure borders, welcome lawful immigrants and visitors, and promote the free-flow of commerce.","head_title":"Secretary of Homeland Security","established":{"year":2002,"authority":"Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 note); began operating January 24, 2003"},"oversight":{"parent":"President of the United States","committees":["House Committee on Homeland Security","Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs"],"committees_note":"Principal authorizing committees; every department is also funded through the House and Senate Appropriations Committees."},"website":"https://www.dhs.gov/","topics":["homeland security","border","immigration","disasters","airport security","cybersecurity","terrorism","coast guard"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Department of Homeland Security","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-department-of-homeland-security"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Homeland Security Department","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/homeland-security-department"},{"label":"5 U.S.C. § 101 – Executive departments (Cornell LII)","url":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/101"},{"label":"House committees (house.gov)","url":"https://www.house.gov/committees"},{"label":"Senate committees (senate.gov)","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/"}],"order":14,"cabinet_rank":15,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Department of Homeland Security.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"DHS, as noted below.","wikidata":"Q11231","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.cbp","name":"U.S. Customs and Border Protection","acronym":"CBP","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"Customs and Border Protection (CBP) prevents people from entering the country illegally or bringing anything harmful or illegal into the United States.","description":"The U.S. Customs and Border Protection was established on March 1, 2003 in the Directorate for Border and Transportation Security, Department of Homeland Security.\n\nU.S. Customs and Border Protection is responsible for guarding nearly 7,000 miles of land border the United States shares with Canada and Mexico and 2,000 miles of coastal waters surrounding the Florida peninsula and off the coast of Southern California. The agency also protects 95,000 miles of maritime border in partnership with the United States Coast Guard.\n\nCBP’s priority mission is to prevent terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States and ensuring the security of our nation at America's borders and ports of entry. We must maintain this line of defense while allowing legitimate travel and trade that is vital to our economy and way of life. CBP is responsible for apprehending individuals attempting to enter the United States illegally; stemming the flow of illegal drugs and other contraband; protecting our agricultural and economic interests from harmful pests and diseases; protecting American businesses from theft of their intellectual property; and regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, and enforcing U.S. trade laws.","head_title":"Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection","established":{"year":2003,"authority":"The U.S. Customs and Border Protection was established on March 1, 2003 in the Directorate for Border and Transportation Security, Department of Homeland Security.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.cbp.gov/","topics":["border","customs","ports of entry","imports","border patrol"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Customs and Border Protection","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-customs-and-border-protection"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: U.S. Customs and Border Protection","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/u-s-customs-and-border-protection"}],"order":0,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-cbp.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of U.S. Customs and Border Protection.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection.png","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Customs and Border Protection","wikidata":"Q368804","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.ice","name":"U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement","acronym":"ICE","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) enforces federal laws governing border control, customs, trade, and immigration.","description":"Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 pursuant to the Homeland Security Act of 2002.\n\nFormed by the merger of the U.S. Customs Service and the Immigration and Naturalization Service, ICE is the principal investigative arm of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the second largest investigative agency in the federal government. Its primary responsibility is the identification and elimination of border, economic, transportation, and infrastructure security vulnerabilities.","head_title":"Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement","established":{"year":2003,"authority":"Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 pursuant to the Homeland Security Act of 2002.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.ice.gov/","topics":["immigration enforcement","deportation","detention","investigations","HSI"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-immigration-and-customs-enforcement"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/u-s-immigration-and-customs-enforcement"}],"order":1,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-ice.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of Immigration and Customs Enforcement.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Original: United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Vector:  Abemos","wikidata":"Q943091","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.tsa","name":"Transportation Security Administration","acronym":"TSA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) protects the nation's transportation systems to ensure freedom of movement for people and commerce.","description":"The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was created in the wake of 9/11 to strengthen the security of the nation’s transportation systems while ensuring the freedom of movement for people and commerce. Originally established as a subagency of the Department of Transportation, TSA was transferred to the Department of Homeland Security in March of 2003.\n\nIn March 2003, TSA transferred from the Department of Transportation to the Department of Homeland Security.\n\nTSA employs a risk-based strategy to secure U.S. transportation systems, working closely with stakeholders in aviation, rail, transit, highway, and pipeline sectors, as well as the partners in the law enforcement and intelligence community. The agency will continuously set the standard for excellence in transportation security through its people, processes, technologies and use of intelligence to drive operations.","head_title":"Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration","established":{"year":2001,"authority":"Aviation and Transportation Security Act (November 19, 2001); moved to DHS in 2003"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.tsa.gov","topics":["airport security","screening","aviation security"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Transportation Security Administration","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/transportation-security-administration"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Transportation Security Administration","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/transportation-security-administration"}],"order":2,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-tsa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Transportation Security Administration seal.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Transportation_Security_Administration_seal.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Transportation Security Administration","wikidata":"Q2304163","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.fema","name":"Federal Emergency Management Agency","acronym":"FEMA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) supports citizens and emergency personnel to build, sustain, and improve the nation's capability to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate all hazards.","description":"The Federal Emergency Management Agency coordinates the federal government's role in preparing for, preventing, mitigating the effects of, responding to, and recovering from all domestic disasters, whether natural or man-made, including acts of terror. FEMA can trace its beginnings to the Congressional Act of 1803. This act, generally considered the first piece of disaster legislation, provided assistance to a New Hampshire town following an extensive fire. In the century that followed, ad hoc legislation was passed more than 100 times in response to hurricanes, earthquakes, floods and other natural disasters. In 2001, the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11th focused the agency on issues of national preparedness and homeland security, and tested the agency in unprecedented ways. The agency coordinated its activities with the newly formed Office of Homeland Security, and FEMA's Office of National Preparedness was given responsibility for helping to ensure that the nation's first responders were trained and equipped to deal with weapons of mass destruction. In March 2003, FEMA joined 22 other federal agencies, programs and offices in becoming the Department of Homeland Security. The new department, headed by Secretary Tom Ridge, brought a coordinated approach to national security from emergencies and disasters - both natural and man-made. On October 4, 2006, President George W. Bush signed into law the Post-Katrina Emergency Reform Act. The act significantly reorganized FEMA, provided it substantial new authority to remedy gaps that became apparent in the response to Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, the most devastating natural disaster in U.S. history, and included a more robust preparedness mission for FEMA.","head_title":"Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency","established":{"year":1979,"authority":"Executive Order 12127 (1979); became part of DHS in 2003"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.fema.gov/","topics":["disasters","emergency management","disaster relief","flood insurance","hurricanes"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Emergency Management Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-emergency-management-agency"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Emergency Management Agency","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-emergency-management-agency"}],"order":3,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-fema.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q503010","property":"commons-filename"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.uscis","name":"U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services","acronym":"USCIS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is responsible for processing immigration and naturalization applications and establishing policies regarding immigration services.","description":"On March 1, 2003, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) officially assumed responsibility for the immigration service functions of the federal government. The USCIS was formed to enhance the security and improve the efficiency of national immigration services by exclusively focusing on the administration of benefit applications. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection (CBP), components within DHS, handle immigration enforcement and border security functions.","head_title":"Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services","established":{"year":2003,"authority":"Homeland Security Act of 2002; assumed the federal immigration service functions on March 1, 2003"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.uscis.gov/","topics":["immigration","citizenship","naturalization","green card","visas","asylum"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-citizenship-and-immigration-services"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/u-s-citizenship-and-immigration-services"}],"order":4,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.uscg","name":"U.S. Coast Guard","acronym":"USCG","aliases":[],"type":"military-service","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) safeguards the maritime interests of the United States and the environment around the world.","description":"The United States Coast Guard was established by act of January 28, 1915 (14 U.S.C. 1) and became a component of the Department of Transportation on April 1, 1967, pursuant to the Department of Transportation Act of October 15, 1966. Following the enactment of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, The Coast Guard was transferred from Department of Transportation to the Department of Homeland Security on March 1, 2003 (116 Stat. 2135).\n\nThe Coast Guard protects the public, the environment, and U.S. economic interests in the Nation's ports and waterways, along the coast, on international waters, or in any maritime region, as required, to support national security. Among its duties are: search and rescue operations in and over the high seas and navigable waters, maritime law enforcement, marine inspection and licensing, pilotage of the Great Lakes, protection of the marine environment by enforcing the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, ensuring the safety and security of ports and anchorages, maintaining the management of waterways, providing navigational aids, and regulating the construction, maintenance and operation of bridges and causeways across navigable waters.","head_title":"Commandant of the Coast Guard","established":{"year":1915,"authority":"The United States Coast Guard was established by act of January 28, 1915 (14 U.S.C. 1) and became a component of the Department of Transportation on April 1, 1967, pursuant to the Department of Transportation Act of October 15, 1966.","from_source_text":true},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.uscg.mil/","topics":["coast guard","maritime safety","search and rescue","military"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: U.S. Coast Guard","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/u-s-coast-guard"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Coast Guard","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/coast-guard"}],"order":5,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-uscg.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the United States Coast Guard.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"U.S. Government","wikidata":"Q11224","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.usss","name":"U.S. Secret Service","acronym":"USSS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The Secret Service works to safeguard the nation's financial infrastructure. The Secret Service is also responsible for protecting national leaders and visiting heads of state.","description":"The Secret Service protects the President and other high-level officials and investigates counterfeiting and other financial crimes, including financial institution fraud, identity theft, and computer fraud and computer-based attacks on our Nation's financial, banking, and telecommunications infrastructure.","head_title":"Director of the U.S. Secret Service","established":{"year":1865,"authority":"Created July 5, 1865 in the Treasury Department to suppress counterfeit currency; moved to DHS in 2003"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.secretservice.gov/","topics":["presidential protection","counterfeiting","financial crimes"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Secret Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/secret-service"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Secret Service","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/secret-service"}],"order":6,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-usss.webp","kind":"emblem","file":"USSS New Star.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USSS_New_Star.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Vectorization:  Siar O","wikidata":"Q503224","property":"P154"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.cisa","name":"Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency","acronym":"CISA","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) defends critical infrastructure against threats.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency","established":{"year":2018,"authority":"Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018"},"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.cisa.gov","topics":["cybersecurity","critical infrastructure","election security","hacking"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/cybersecurity-and-infrastructure-security-agency"}],"order":7,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-cisa.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency.svg","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_Cybersecurity_and_Infrastructure_Security_Agency.svg","license":"Public domain","author":"Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency","wikidata":"Q5205058","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.fletc","name":"Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers","acronym":"FLETC","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC), through strategic partnerships, prepares the federal law enforcement community to safeguard America’s people, property, and institutions.","description":"The FLETC serves as an interagency law enforcement training organization for 88 Federal agencies. The FLETC also provides services to state, local, tribal, and international law enforcement agencies. The FLETC is headquartered at Glynco, Ga., near the port city of Brunswick, halfway between Savannah, Ga., and Jacksonville, Fla. In addition to Glynco, the FLETC operates two other residential training sites in Artesia, N.M., and Charleston, S.C. The FLETC also operates a non-residential in-service re-qualification and advanced training facility in Cheltenham, Md., for use by agencies with large concentrations of personnel in the Washington, D.C., area. The FLETC has oversight and program management responsibilities at the International Law Enforcement Academies (ILEA) in Gaborone, Botswana, and Bangkok, Thailand. The FLETC also supports training at other ILEAs in Hungary and El Salvador.","head_title":"Director of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.fletc.gov/","topics":["law enforcement training","police training"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-law-enforcement-training-center"},{"label":"Federal Register agency profile: Federal Law Enforcement Training Center","url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-law-enforcement-training-center"}],"order":8,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.dhs.fps","name":"Federal Protective Service","acronym":"FPS","aliases":[],"type":"agency","parent_id":"us-federal.dhs","summary":"The Federal Protective Service (FPS) is a federal law enforcement agency that provides security and law enforcement services to federally owned and leased buildings.","description":null,"head_title":"Director of the Federal Protective Service","established":null,"oversight":{"parent":"Department of Homeland Security"},"website":"https://www.dhs.gov/topic/federal-protective-service","topics":["federal buildings","security"],"note":null,"sources":[{"label":"USA.gov A–Z index: Federal Protective Service","url":"https://www.usa.gov/agencies/federal-protective-service"}],"order":9,"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","coverage":null,"seal":{"src":"seals/us-federal-dhs-fps.webp","kind":"seal","file":"Seal of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Federal Protective Service.png","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._Department_of_Homeland_Security_Federal_Protective_Service.png","license":"Public domain","author":"DHS","wikidata":"Q2896579","property":"P158"}},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees","name":"Senate Committees","type":"group","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative.senate","summary":"The Senate's 16 standing committees and 4 select or special committees.","description":"Standing committees are permanent panels set out in Senate Rule XXV; they consider bills, hold hearings and oversee federal agencies within their jurisdiction. Select and special committees are created by Senate resolution for particular purposes such as intelligence oversight, ethics, Indian affairs and aging.","sources":[{"label":"U.S. Senate: Committees","url":"https://www.senate.gov/committees/index.htm"},{"label":"Standing Rules of the Senate, Rule XXV (Standing committees)","url":"https://www.rules.senate.gov/rules-of-the-senate"}],"order":0,"topics":["senate committees"],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","acronym":null,"aliases":[],"head_title":null,"established":null,"oversight":null,"website":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssaf","name":"Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry","acronym":null,"badge":"Ag","aliases":[],"type":"committee","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees","summary":"A standing committee of the U.S. Senate, with 5 subcommittees.","jurisdiction_text":"The Senate Committee on Agriculture has legislative jurisdiction over agriculture, food, and nutrition.","description":null,"head_title":"Committee Chair (a majority-party senator); the Ranking Member leads the minority","established":{"year":1825,"authority":"Created as the Committee on Agriculture in 1825; current name since 1977"},"oversight":{"parent":"U.S. Senate"},"website":"https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/","topics":["committee","congress","senate"],"sources":[{"label":"senate.gov committee membership: Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry","url":"https://www.senate.gov/general/committee_membership/committee_memberships_SSAF.xml"},{"label":"Standing Rules of the Senate, Rule XXV (Standing committees)","url":"https://www.rules.senate.gov/rules-of-the-senate"},{"label":"Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: jurisdiction (committee website)","url":"https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/about/jurisdiction"},{"label":"@unitedstates congress-legislators: committees-current.yaml (jurisdiction text, committee URLs)","url":"https://github.com/unitedstates/congress-legislators/blob/main/committees-current.yaml"}],"order":0,"committee_code":"SSAF","jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssaf.ssaf13","name":"Subcommittee on Commodities, Derivatives, Risk Management, and Trade","acronym":null,"type":"subcommittee","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssaf","summary":"A subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. 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Subcommittees hold hearings and prepare legislation within part of the full committee's jurisdiction.","head_title":"Subcommittee Chair (majority-party member); Ranking Member leads the minority","oversight":{"parent":"Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry"},"website":"https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/","topics":["subcommittee","senate"],"order":2,"committee_code":"SSAF16","sources":[{"label":"senate.gov committee membership: Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry","url":"https://www.senate.gov/general/committee_membership/committee_memberships_SSAF.xml"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"description":null,"established":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssaf.ssaf17","name":"Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, and Food Safety","acronym":null,"type":"subcommittee","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssaf","summary":"A subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. 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Subcommittees hold hearings and prepare legislation within part of the full committee's jurisdiction.","head_title":"Subcommittee Chair (majority-party member); Ranking Member leads the minority","oversight":{"parent":"Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry"},"website":"https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/","topics":["subcommittee","senate"],"order":4,"committee_code":"SSAF15","sources":[{"label":"senate.gov committee membership: Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry","url":"https://www.senate.gov/general/committee_membership/committee_memberships_SSAF.xml"}],"jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","aliases":[],"description":null,"established":null,"note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssap","name":"Senate Committee on Appropriations","acronym":"SAC","badge":"SAC","aliases":[],"type":"committee","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees","summary":"A standing committee of the U.S. Senate, with 12 subcommittees.","jurisdiction_text":"The Senate Committee on Appropriations is responsible for legislation allocating federal funds prior to expenditure from the treasury. Appropriations are generally limited to the levels set by the Budget Resolution drafted by the Senate Committee on the Budget.","description":"The Senate Committee on Appropriations is responsible for legislation allocating federal funds prior to expenditure from the treasury. Appropriations are generally limited to the levels set by the Budget Resolution drafted by the Senate Committee on the Budget. The Committee is also responsible for supplemental spending bills, which are sometimes needed in the middle of a fiscal year to compensate for emergency expenses.","head_title":"Committee Chair (a majority-party senator); the Ranking Member leads the minority","established":{"year":1867,"authority":"Senate resolution creating a standing Committee on Appropriations, March 1867"},"oversight":{"parent":"U.S. Senate"},"website":"https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/","topics":["committee","congress","senate"],"sources":[{"label":"senate.gov committee membership: Committee on Appropriations","url":"https://www.senate.gov/general/committee_membership/committee_memberships_SSAP.xml"},{"label":"Standing Rules of the Senate, Rule XXV (Standing committees)","url":"https://www.rules.senate.gov/rules-of-the-senate"},{"label":"Senate Committee on Appropriations: jurisdiction (committee website)","url":"https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/about/jurisdiction"},{"label":"@unitedstates congress-legislators: committees-current.yaml (jurisdiction text, committee URLs)","url":"https://github.com/unitedstates/congress-legislators/blob/main/committees-current.yaml"}],"order":1,"committee_code":"SSAP","jurisdiction":"us-federal","status":"active","note":null,"coverage":null,"seal":null},{"id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssap.ssap01","name":"Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies","acronym":null,"type":"subcommittee","parent_id":"us-federal.legislative.senate.committees.ssap","summary":"A subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Appropriations. 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